中考英语选择填空解析

时间:2022-08-24 08:06:42

中考英语选择填空解析

情景交际题就是用交际对话的形式把日常生活的某个方面反映在试卷上,让考生根据所学的语言知识和自己的生活经历来解题。该题型不仅考查学生的语言基础知识,而且考查学生的交际能力和综合语言运用能力。由于情景交际用语简明扼要、表达方式灵活多变、具有较强的情境性和文化性,学生处理这类题目有一定的困难,在历年中考中失分较严重。纵观近几年全国各地的中考英语试卷,情景交际类题目已成为中考的热点,比重逐年增加,题型日趋灵活。现行的情景对话题主要有听力题、选择填空、对话匹配、补全对话、完成对话和对话排序等形式。解答此类试题关键是要根据对话的情景和上下文的联系,并结合中西方文化的差异来有效地答题。下面笔者就以2011年全国各地情景交际考题中的单项选择为例作一解析,并提醒考生在解答此类题目中应注意以下五个方面,以期对考生有所帮助。

一、 注意依托语境有效答题。

语境是指语言交际所依赖的环境,是语言交际中的一个重要因素。它可以分为言内语境和言外语境。言内语境指的是上下文联系。言外语境指的是交际活动的时间、空间、社会文化背景、自然环境和心理因素等。利用语境因素是解答此类题目的有效方法,考生要根据对话的情景和上下文的联系,进行判断,做出选择。

【中考链接】

(2011山东潍坊)―Would you like to attend China’s Hot Talent(中国达人秀)?

―_______But I’m busy revising for my test.

A. Don’t mention it. B. I’d love to.

C. That’s all right. D. My pleasure

答案解析此题为征询别人的意见,依据回答中的“But I’m busy revising for my test.”反映出客观条件不允许,这是言外环境所包含的信息。选项C和D都表示“没关系”,不符合此时的言外环境。选项A意为“不要提它”,联系上下文判断,明显不符合言内语境。而选项D表示“我愿意”,符合语境,而且通常回答Would you like...?引导的问句,故答案应选择B。

二、 注意语言使用中的衔接和连贯性。

在情景交际中,话语的意义或语言表达中句子的意义必须前后联系,即话语必须存在连贯性。这种联系可以是建立在交际双方共有的知识之上,也可以是一段话中各句围绕一个中心展开,从而实现交际中语义的连贯。

【中考链接】

―Mingzhou Bridge was open to traffic in May.

―_______ ! The traffic in Ningbo is becoming better.(2011浙江宁波)

A. Good luck B. Wonderful

C. Good idea D. Best wishes

答案解析根据句意,前者表达的“明州大桥在五月通车”与后者表达的“宁波的交通将变得更好”存在着必然的联系,都对大桥通车缓解交通产生共识,故选择B发表自己的想法,同时实现语义的连贯。

三、 注意习惯表达法的运用。

许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语,对于此类题目,考生要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。

【中考链接】

―May I speak to Annie, please?

―_______(2011浙江宁波)

A. Yes, you are right. B. Speaking

C. Thank you D.She is fine

答案解析在英语中,打电话找某人时说“May I speak to...?”,接电话时说“我是……”要用“(This is)speaking”,这是习惯用法,因此该题选择B。

四、 注意中西方交际文化上的差异。

交际活动离不开一定的社会环境,而社会环境也因地域不同存在着很大差异,因此人们的思维方式、风俗习惯、文化背景和社会方式等都存在很大差别。考生在解题时一定要注意中西方交际文化上的差异,力求用英语思维,避免母语交际定势的干扰。

【中考链接】

(2011四川广元)―You look really beautiful in this pink dress,Sally.

―______________

A. No, just so-so. B. Thank you.

C. Yes, I’m sure. D. Please don’tsayso.

答案解析在英语里,当别人夸奖对方或对方的东西时,对方应该表示感谢。四个选项中只有B符合西方人的表达习惯,而其他三个选项均带有明显的汉语思维痕迹。

五、 注意使用文明得体的礼貌用语。

英美人士的谈吐举止自然而又得体,在私下或社交场合他们十分注意使用文明语言。在征求对方意见,请求别人做某事获劝告别人不要做某事时,语气很委婉、客气。所以对考生而言,交际中使用礼貌用语就显得尤为重要。

【中考链接】

(2011湖北武汉)―Would you mind my sitting next to you?

―_______.

A. No,of course not B. No,you can’t

C. Yes,please D. Yes,go ahead

答案解析该题是考查对对方征询意见作出回应。选项B较为生硬,显得冷漠,欠委婉客气。选项C、D本身自相矛盾,故此题选项应该为A。

【实战演练】

1.(2011甘肃兰州)― Excuse me. Is the library open all day?

―_______. Only from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m..

A. Yes, of course

B. That’s right

C. Sorry, I’m not sure

D. Sorry, I’m afraid not2

2.(2011山东菏泽)―Could I use your bike for today, Sam?

―_______. I’m not using it.

A. Sure, go ahead B. I have no idea

C. No, you can’t D. Never mind

3.(2011江苏宿迁)―My recorder is broken. Could I use yours?

―_______, but you have to return it tomorrow.

A. I’m not sure B. No problem

C. I’m sorry D. I hope so

4.(2011安徽)―Tony, don’t draw on the wall. It isn’t a good behavior.

―_______.

A. Never mind. B. Yes, I’d love to.

C. Of course not. D. Sorry, I won’t.

5.(2011湖北黄冈)―It is reported that it will rain hard next Sunday.

―_______. We’ re planning to go boating that day.

A. I don’t think so B. I hope so

C. I’m afraid not D. I hope not

6.(2011江苏宿迁)―It’s a fine day today. Shall we go swimming?

―_______But we need to be home before six o’clock.

A. Have a nice time! B. Not at all.

C. You are right. D. Good idea!

7.(2011江苏南京)―Everybody is playing outside. Can I join them, mom?

―_______Not until you have finished practicing the piano.

A. Why not? B. Will you

C. I’m afraid not. D. I hope so.

8.(2011浙江金华) ―Will you please take a message for the head teacher?

―_______.

A. It doesn’t matter B. Sure. I’ll be glad to

C. Yes, I’ll take D. I can help you

9.(2011安徽芜湖)―Mr. King, we have finished planting all the trees.

―_______.

A. Never mind. B. That’s too bad.

C. Don’t mention it. D. Well done!

10.(2011江苏徐州)―Open the window please, Mike.

―_______? I didn’t hear what you said.

A. What B. Pardon

C. Really D. All right

11.(2011江苏徐州)― I can’t find my mobile phone. I’m sure it’s in this room.

―_______. I’ll call you with my phone. When it rings, you can follow the sound.

A. Excuse me. B. Good luck

C. Thank you D. Don’t worry

12.(2011天津)―I hope you’ll have a good journey.

―_______.

A. Well done

B. Don’t mention it

C. Certainly

D. Thank you very much

13.(2011江苏扬州)―We’re organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come.

―_______! I have a meeting to attend that day. Thank you all the same.

A. Good luck B. What a pity

C. Never do it again D. Well done

14.(2011江苏南京)―I’m sorry. That wasn’t of much help.

―_______. And it was most helpful.

A. Thanks anyway B. It doesn’t matter

C. Of course not D. Sure it was

15.(2011江苏无锡)―I’ll fly to Qingdao for my holiday this weekend.

―Wonderful!_______

A. Why not? B. I hope so.

C. With pleasure. D. Have a good time!

【参考答案】

1. D2. A3. B4.D5. D6. D7. C8. B9. D10. B11. D12. D13. B14. D15. D

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