住院期间自我管理形成模式对COPD患者预后情况的影响

[摘要] 目的 探讨自我管理形成模式对住院慢性阻塞性肺疾病（copd）患者预后的影响情况。 方法 选取2013年1月～2014年1月我院呼吸内科住院部收治的COPD患者160例为研究对象，采用随机分组方法分成干预组和对照组，各80例。对照组采用常规护理模式，干预组在此基础上给予自我管理干预，1个月为一疗程，观察两组患者疾病改善情况、健康知识掌握情况及肺功能情况，分析自我管理形成模式对住院COPD患者的预后效果。 结果 两组经过为期1个月治疗和干预后，干预组疾病改善总有效率为85.00%，对照组为70.00%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=5.1613，P=0.0231）；干预组患者对COPD健康知识掌握情况总掌握率为96.25%，对照组为52.50%，差异有统计学意义（x2=40.1722，P=0.0000）；观察组肺功能情况明显好于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P

[关键词] 自我管理；COPD；预后

[中图分类号] R563.9 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2015）11-119-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of self management formation model on the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） during hospitalization. Methods 160 patients with COPD in the respiratory medicine inpatient of our hospital from January 2013 to January 2014 were selected in this study， patients were divided into intervention group and control group according to randomized method， 80 cases in each group. Patients of control group were received routine nursing， the patients of intervention group were received self-management formation model based on the routine nursing， the situation of disease improvement， health knowledge and pulmonary function after 1 month of two groups were observed and the effect of self management formation model on the prognosis of patients with COPD was analyzed. Results After 1 month treatment and intervention， the total effective rate of disease improvement in intervention group was 85.00%， and the total effective rate of control group was 70.00%， there was a statistically significant between two groups（x2=5.1613，P=0.0231）； the total effective rate of health knowledge for COPD in intervention group was 96.25%， and the total effective rate of control group was 52.5%， there was a statistically significant between two groups（x2=40.1722，P=0.0000）； the pulmonary function of the intervention group was significantly better than that of the control group， there was a statistically significant between two groups（P

[Key words] Self management； COPD； Prognosis

自我管理模式为Bourbeau在2004年提出的，主要指慢性疾病患者在疾病管理过程中获得必需的知识和技能，进而调整其行为，以便更好管理疾病，并在管理疾病过程中提高自我效能[1]。随着吸烟人数增多和环境改变，COPD为常见慢性病之一，近几年发病率明显增高，我国40岁以上人群中COPD患病率为8.2%，男性12.4%，女性5.15%[2]。并且COPD患病率还呈逐渐上升趋势，预计2020年COPD将成为全球4大致命疾病，居我国城乡居民死亡十大病因中的第4位。其发展形式严重，而临床对COPD治疗主要为针对性控制症状，主要治疗需依靠患者自身控制危险因素，如戒烟、脱离污染环境。所以临床培养COPD患者自我管理模式至关重要，让患者养成良好的生活习惯、自行掌握基本的生活和药物治疗方法，对COPD预后有极大帮助，为此做本次研究，报道如下。