中考热词How

时间:2022-09-04 11:28:11

请同学们先看来自2013年的三道中考题:

1. The World Health Organization has given some advice on ______ to protect us from being infected(感染) with H7N9. (2013年山东省菏泽市)

A. how B. what C. where D. when

2. ―How often do you drink milk?

―______ ever. (2013年广西壮族自治区贵港市)

A. Hard B. Nearly C. Almost D. Hardly

3. ______ lovely the squirrel is!(2013年四川省雅安市)

A. What a B. How C. What D. How a

分析:上面的三道中考题均是在考查同学们对how用法的掌握情况,答案分别是:1. A; 2. D; 3. B。

英语中,how一词出现早,使用频率高,每年的全国中考试题均是常考词汇之一,其重要性可见一斑。为帮助同学们准确掌握该词的用法,现分述如下:

一、how用作疑问副词,表示“怎么样,如何”。它可以单独使用,也可以和形容词和副词连用。

1. how单独使用时,可以用来询问程度、感想、身体状况、方式或手段等。例如:

―How do you like the English film? ――你觉得这部英文电影怎么样?

―Wonderful/ It is wonderful! ――精彩极了!

―How does he go to school every day? ――他每天是怎样去上学的?

―By bike. ――骑自行车。

―How is your mother? ――你母亲的健康状况如何?

―She is very well, thank you. ――她很好,谢谢你!(well在此是形容词,表示“身体好的,健康的”。)

【温馨提示】how用于问天气时,可以用what来替换,但要注意句子成分的相应变化。例如:

―How is the weather today?(=What’s the weather like today?) ――今天天气怎么样?

―It’s fine. ――很好。

2. how和形容词或副词一起构成疑问副词词组,用来引导特殊疑问句。

①how old意为“几岁”,用来询问年龄。例如:

―How old is your father? ――你父亲多大了?

―He is seventy-eight. ――他七十八岁了。

② how many后跟可数名词的复数形式,意为“多少”,询问可数名词的数量。例如:

How many apples are there in the box? 箱子里有多少苹果?

―How many women teachers are there in your school? ――你们学校有多少名女教师?

―There are forty-two. ―四十二名。

【温馨提示】how much后跟不可数名词,意为“多少”,用来询问不可数名词的数量,也可用来询问物品的价格或总钱数。例如:

―How much water is there in the glass? ――玻璃杯里有多少水?

―Only a little. ――只有一点儿。

―How much does your sweater cost? ――你的毛衣多少钱?

―It’s thirty dollars. ――三十美元。

3. how long意为“多长、多久”, 用来询问物体或时间的长度。例如:

―How long is the picture? ――这幅画有多长?

―It is about three meters. ――大约三米。

―How long did they stay in the zoo? ――他们在动物园呆了多久?

―They stayed about an hour and a half. ――他们呆了大约一个半小时。

4. how often意为“多久一次”,用来询问动作发生的频度。例如:

―Do you know how often the Olympic Games are held?――你知道奥林匹克运动会多久举办一次?

―Every four years. ――每四年举办一次。

5. how soon意为“多久”,用来询问要多久动作才发生。例如:

―How soon will you come back? ――你多久才能回来?

―In a month. ――一个月以后。

6. how about(=what about)意为“……怎样”,用来询问情况。例如:

―How about going out for a walk after dinner? ――晚饭后去散步如何?

―All right! ――行!

7. how heavy意为“多重”,用来询问人或物体的重量。例如:

―How heavy is the blue whale? ――这头蓝鲸有多重?

―It weighs 80 tons. ――它重达八十吨。

8. how far意为“多远”,用来询问两地之间的距离。例如:

―How far is it from here to the hospital? ――从这儿到医院有多远?

―It is about 30 miles. ――大约30英里。

9. how tall/ high 意为“多高”,用来询问人或物的高度。tall指人、树木、建筑物等与宽度相比高度特别突出的物体。high指其他物体的高度。例如:

―How tall is Kate? ――凯特有多高?

―She is one and a half meters tall. ――她有1.5米高。

How tall is the building? 那栋楼有多高?

―How high is the mountain? ――那座山有多高?

―It’s about 6,000 feet high. ――大约六千英尺高。

10. how big/ large意为“多大,多少”,用来对人或物之“大”进行提问。如:

How big is the photo? 那张照片有多大?

How large is the country in area? 这个国家的面积有多大?

二、how还可以用来引导感叹句,它用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构为“How + adj./ adv. + 主语 + 谓语!”例如:

How sunny it is today! 今天阳光多灿烂呀!

How well her sister sings! 她姐姐唱歌唱得多好呀!

How I wanted to be an English teacher! 我多想当一名英语教师啊!

三、how用作连接副词,引导名词性从句,意为“怎样、如何”。例如:

I don’t know how I can use QQ on the Internet, though most of people do. 虽然大多数人都知道如何上网使用QQ, 但是我却不知道。

―Can you tell me how he came to Beijing? ――你能告诉我他是怎样来北京的?

―Yes, he came here by air. ――好的,他是坐飞机来北京的。

【温馨提示】how用作连接副词,还可用于“how + 不定式”结构,表示“如何……,怎样……”,在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。例如:

―My dad bought me a new MP4, but I don’t know how to use it. ――我爸爸给我买了个新的MP4,但是我不知道如何使用它。

―Let’s read the instructions. ――我们一起看看说明书吧。

―Will you please show me how to use Skype to talk others? ――你给我演示一下如何用网络电话与别人交谈好吗?

―Sure, it’s quite easy. ――当然可以,这相当简单。

【学以致用】

1. ―________ interesting the storybook is!

―Yes. I have read it twice. (2013年山东省威海市)

A. What B. What an C. How D. How an

2. ―How often do you chat with your friends online?

―_________ I’m busy with my study. (2013年山东省菏泽市)

A. Only one month. B. About twice a month.

C. Almost every day. D. Maybe in two weeks.

3. ―How far is your cousin’s home from here?

―It’s about two _______ ride. (2013年湖北省随州市)

A. hour’s B. hours C. hours’ D. Hour

4. How many ________ are there in the basket? (2013年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市)

A. potato B. bread C. tomatoes

5. ―How ______ is it from Xi’an to Dunhuang?

―It’s less than 3 _______ flight. (2013年甘肃省白银市)

A. long; hour’s B. far; hour’s

C. long; hours’ D. far; hours’

6. ―________ do you usually go to school, Simon?

―By bike. (2013年江苏省淮安市)

A. When B. How C. What D. Where

7. ―________ do you know so much about the UFO?

―I usually get the information by surfing the Internet. (2013年山东省滨州市)

A. How B. What C. Which D. Where

8. Students should learn how ________ problems. (2013年四川省雅安市)

A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve

9. What a nice paper fish!Can you show us ________ you make it? (2013年陕西省)

A. whether B. how C. why D. what

10. ―______ hard Tony is working!

―Yes. We should learn from him.

A. What B. How C. What a D. How a

Keys:

1~5 CBCCD 6~10 BADBB

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