英语看图作文写法策略

高考英语作文题的卷面分数由九十年代初的15分提高到了近年来的30分,占试卷总分数的五分之一,它的得分情况严重影响考生的英语总成绩。近几年,看图作文在高考书面表达中占有相当大的比例,自2002年以来,全国大部分高考试卷都是看图作文。可见对这一题型认真研究、归纳和总结是很有必要的，笔者研究发现高考英语看图作文可以分为五个步骤。

一、审题：采用 “自上而下”的思维模式，整体构思确定基本结构。

审题时要吃透文字信息和图画信息；确定题裁；选定人称、时态;列出要点。

二、以词及点：用一两个单词或短语写出每句话的细节要点。

三、连词成句：用连词成句的方法将上述要点的词语扩展成句子。

四、连句成文：拓展主题句，注意连贯性。

主题句仅亮出作者的观点,要使读者明白作者的观点,就要展开主题,巧妙组织安排语句，使句与句，段与段之间具有连贯性。要达到此要求，巧用过渡词语就是其中最关键的一条。

过渡表达法可以有以下几种：

表示时间: now, just now, then, just then, after-wards, soon, before long, shortly after that, soon after lunch, a few minutes later。

表示顺序: first, second, third, firstly, secondly, thirdly, first of all, at first, next, at last。

表示并列: and, and then, as well as, also。

表示对比: like, unlike, just like, just as, while, in the same way, instead of, on the contrary, on the other hand。

表示转折: but, yet, and yet, however, although, otherwise, after all, in spite of。

表示递: besides, what’s more, in addition, even, once more, furthermore, moreover。

表示结果: thus, so, therefore, as a result, luckily, unfortunately。

表示强调: indeed, surely, certainly, above all, of course, after all, at least, at most。

表示原因: because, because of, for this reason, as a result。

表示解释和说明: namely, actually, such as , for example, that is to say, and so on, believe it or not, to tell you the truth, according to this, for this reason。

表示总结: in short, finally, in a word, in general, finally, generally speaking, as you know, in the end。

上述过渡性词语,根据需要恰当使用,能使上下句显得连接自然、紧密,逻辑关系清晰。

在这一步骤中还需要注意：①主语和谓语 ②背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）③逻辑关系 ④开头与结尾

5、检查修改，规范书写

将“自上而下”思维模式与“自下而上”思维模式相结合，充分利用过渡句增强语篇内部的有机语义联系，克服逻辑思维混乱，使文章中心突出。最后，梳理要点，查缺补漏，规范书写。

实战演练

根据下列图画中Tom骑自行车的经历，用英语写一篇短文。短文要写得连贯、完整。字数120-150字。

审 题

1、体裁：叙述Tom骑自行车的经历，为记叙文体

2、主要时态：一般过去时，叙述描绘一起交通事故

3、人称：第三人称Tom

4、要点：记叙描绘文体，抓住四个要点：时间、地点、人物、事件的前后经过。

字词文

词：

① to ride a bike

② to hit his bike and fall off

句：

①Tom was riding a bike along the street.

②The car hit his bike and he fell off it.

文：

The other day, Tom was riding along the street. Suddenly, a car was running towards him fast and hit his bike, and then he fell off it.

参 考 答 案

The other day, Tom was riding along the street. Suddenly, a car was running towards him fast. He was so frightened that he quickly turned to the left side of the road. But it was too late to be safe. The car hit his bike and then he fell off it. When the driver realized that he had caused an accident, he got such a fright that he took flight with his car, he was soon out of sight, leaving Tom helpless on the spot. Fortunately, a passer-by happened to see what had happened and remembered the number of the car, the kind passer-by reported this to the police. Now the driver has been caught and will be punished for his wrong doing.

山东师范大学大学外语教育学院