老年糖尿病患者并发泌尿系统感染的分析

时间:2022-04-07 09:11:28

老年糖尿病患者并发泌尿系统感染的分析

[摘要] 目的 探讨老年糖尿病患者并发泌尿系统感染的病原学特点,为临床治疗提供参考。 方法 对208例老年糖尿病并发泌尿系统感染患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。 结果 尿培养阳性129例,阳性率62.0%,其中,革兰阴性菌占66.7%,革兰阳性菌占27.9%,真菌占5.4%。革兰阴性菌感染最常见的是大肠埃希菌,且对喹诺酮类抗生素耐药率有所升高。门诊组与病房组的病原学分布比例及耐药率不同。 结论 老年糖尿病患者并发泌尿系统感染以革兰阴性菌为主,对常用的喹诺酮类耐药率有上升趋势,治疗应依据细菌培养及药敏结果,以减少细菌耐药及二重感染。

[关键词] 老年;糖尿病;泌尿系统感染;病原

[中图分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2012)08(c)-0095-02

Analysis of senile diabetics melitus patients complicated with urinary system infection

ZHAO Lingling

The First Hospital of Huairou District, Beijing 101400, China

[Abstract] Objective To discuss etiological characteristics of senile diabetics melitus patients complicated with urinary system infection, in order to provide references for clinical treatment. Methods Clinical data of 208 cases of senile diabetic patients combined with urinary system infection were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 129 cases with positive results in urine culture, accounted for 62.0%. Among the positive results, percentages of gram negative bacilli, gram positive bacilli and fungi were 66.7%, 27.9%, and 5.4% respectively. Escherichia coli most commonly occurred in gram negative bacilli infection, and its drug resistance to quinolone antibiotics increased gradually. Proportion of etiological distribution and drug resistance rate in out-patient group and in-patient group were different. Conclusion Senile diabetic patients complicated with urinary system infection is mainly caused by gram negative bacilli, which shows a rising trend to drug resistance rate of commonly-used quinolone antibiotics. Physicians should try their best to decrease possibilities of bacterial resistance and superinfection based on bacterial culture and drug sensitivity results.

[Key words] Senility; Diabetes mellitus; Urinary system infection; Etiology

老年糖尿病患者由于血糖长期较高,病程长,存在营养物质代谢紊乱,导致感染成为糖尿病的常见并发症之一。相关报道显示,糖尿病合并泌尿系统感染的发病率为16%~40%,居首位或仅次于呼吸道感染。女性泌尿系统感染明显高于男性,其中,老年组女性感染率明显高于青年组[1],约占85%。分析可能与老年人各项生理机能减退、患病后抵抗力降低相关,且有病情重、病程长、难控制等特点。随着广谱抗菌药物的大量应用,二重感染和细菌耐药性日益严重,临床治疗困难。本研究选择我院门诊和病房2010年9月~2011年9月收治的208例老年糖尿病合并泌尿系统感染患者的资料,进行分析和总结。现报道如下:

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2010年9月~2011年9月我院门诊及病房收治的糖尿病合并泌尿系统感染的老年(60岁以上)患者共208例,其中,男16例,女192例,门诊组患者86例,病房组患者122例。患者符合新鲜中段非离心尿革兰染色结果示:>1个菌/视野(油镜)。清洁外阴或消毒尿道口后,留取中段尿标本(包括导尿方法)共208份。

1.2 方法

标本接种于血平板(山东济南百博生物工程有限公司),采用法国梅里埃VITEK32全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌学鉴定和药敏试验。

1.3 判定标准

糖尿病的诊断依据1997年美国糖尿病学会标准,合并泌尿系统感染的诊断依据是:新鲜中段非离心尿革兰染色结果示:>1个菌/视野(油镜)或新鲜清洁中段尿细菌培养计数≥105/mL。真性细菌尿诊断标准:新鲜清洁中段尿细菌培养计数≥105/mL,无临床症状的患者,需两次连续的新鲜清洁中段尿液标本,细菌培养计数均≥105/mL。

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