时间:2022-10-15 08:48:56
介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的词,在句中不能单独做句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句做宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中做状语、表语、补语等。介词是中考试卷中的“常客”,从时间上看,年年都要考;从地区来看,每个地区都要考。考查介词的主要题目有:单项填空、完形填空、短文填空及句子翻译等。下面就以中考真题中经常出现的考点为线索,给大家介绍一下常考介词的用法。
一、与时间相连的介词
先看下面的中考真题:
1.(2015年连云港卷选择填空)I was born____December 17.This year I'Il hold a birth-day party for it at home.
A.on
B.at
C.in
D.by
2.(2015年株洲卷选择填空)People can see differenc kinds of flowers here____May.
A.at
B.in
C.on
3.(2015年重庆A卷选择填空)A terrible earthquake happened in Nepal____April 25th,2015.
A.on
B.in
C.at
D.from
4.(2015年武威卷选择填空)-The charity walk begins____9:00.Don't be late.
-No problem.
A.at
B.by
C.in
D.on
5.(2015年德州卷首字母填空)He has been away from home s____two days ago.
6.(2015年菏泽卷短文填空)After walking around____some time,she came to a river.
7.(2015年凉山卷选择填空)-Do you know Victory Day in China?
-Yes,it's____September 3rd____ each year.It tells the world that Chinese people love peace and hate wars.Chinese people will never forget the history.
A.in;on
B.on;/
C.at;/
D.on;in
8.(2015年武威卷完形填空)We stayed in Hong Kong____a week.
A.of
B.for
C.at
9.(2015年温州卷句子填空)The Highland Museum is opened every day____Monday.
10.(2015年安徽卷选择填空)The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come____four days.
A.after
B.for
C.during
D.in
答案:
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.since 6.for 7.B8.B 9.except 10.D
总结:
1.表示时间时,at强调“时间点”;in强调“时间段”;on强调“具体某一天或某一天的早上、中午、晚上”。
2.“in+时间段”用于将来时;“after+时间段”用于过去时。两者都表示“一段时间以后”。
3.“for+时间段”和“since+表示过去的时间点”,常与含有延续性动词的完成时连用。
4.“by+时间点”表示“不迟于、在……之前”,常用于将来时和完成时。
5.during表示“在……期间”。
6.表示“在某年或某月”用in;但是表示“在某一天”则用on。
二、与地点、方位相连的介词
再看下面的中考真题:
1.(2015年益阳卷选择填空)The bank is____the bookstore and the post office.
A.at the front of
B.among
C.between
2.(2014年益阳卷选择填空)Uncle Tom lives____a farm____the country.
A.in;at
B.near;on
C.on;in
3.(2015年潍坊卷选择填空)You must be careful when you swim____the lake.
A.across
B.below
C.over
D.through
4.(2015年凉山卷短文填空)People____the world watched it.
5.(2014年天津卷单项填空)Cambridge is a small city_____the east of England.
A.between
B.with
C.in
D.under
6.(2015年南宁卷单项选择)Jim sits be-hind me,so I sit____him.
A.at the top of
B.at the end of
C.in the middle of
D.in front of
答案:
1.C 2.C 3.A 4.around 5.C 6.D
总结:
1.in表示范围较大的地方;at表示范围较小的地方。
2.方位介词的用法,可以参考以下表格:
三、表示手段、方法的介词
请看下面的中考真题:
1.(2014年河北卷选择填空)You see,Kevin is writing____his left hand.
A.at
B.as
C.for
D.with
2.(2014年莱芜卷选择填空)We can save money____cooking our own meals instead of eating outside.
A.by
B.to
C.for
D.with
3.(2014年成都卷选择填空)Cina,what's this____English?
A.by
B.for
C.in
答案:
1.D 2.A 3.C
总结:
1.with表示工具、方式(抽象),也可以表示材料。
2.by表示途径或手段。
3.in表示方式,有时可以和through互换。
四、常见搭配中的介词
请看下面的中考真题:
1.(2015年福州卷单项选择)-Do you re-member what she looked like when you first met her?
-Of course.She was tall and thin____long hair.
A.in
B.with
C.on
2.(2015年福州卷完形填空)My mom is____her mid-seventies,and her rough hands are still doing things for my family and me.
A.on
B.in
C.at
3.(2015年福州卷短文填空)It began____(在……期间)the Western Han Dynasty.
4.(2015年龙岩卷选择填空)Jack had to stop working though it was____his own wishes.
A.on
B.for
C.against
5.(2015年龙岩卷短文填空)The Web can remember it f____us.
6.(2015年连云港卷单项选择)It is great____us to get so many favorite books on Inter-national Children's Book Day.
A.to
B.with
C.of
D.for
7.(2015年滨州卷选择填空)My mother says my friend is similar____me,but I think she is different____me.
A.as;from
B.to;from
C.to;to
D.as;to
8.(2015年滨州卷单词拼写)He is the tall-est one____(在……当中)the boys.
9.(2015年德州卷综合填空)So he caught the train back to London to see the friend a____ once.
10.(2015年聊城卷选词填空)If you find yourself in the middle of the crowd,you must be careful.Don't walk____the moving direction and don't stop or sit down.
11.(2015年烟台卷短文填空)Welcome to our store.We have skirts____all colors____$16 each.
12.(2015午烟台卷完形填空)Compared____some unhappy people, those who are al-ways pleased and relaxed are less likely to suffer colds.
A.to
B.with
C.in
D.of
13.(2015年烟台卷短文填空)You'd better try to have drinks____little sugar.
14.(2015年成都卷选择填空)Don't belate____class.We must be on time.
A.for
B.to
C.in
15.(2015年广安卷完形填空)I leam____my teacher and my classmates at the cor-ner.
A.to
B.at
C.for
D.from
16.(2015年凉山卷完形填空)He looked at me and,____a word,smiled.
A.in
B.with
C.without
D.for
17.(2015年南充卷填空)Everyone is born____the ability to learn.
A.at
B.on
C.with
D.in
18. (2015年资阳卷单项填空)When I got into the room,Green was talking____the phone.
A.on
B.with
C.to
D.in
19.(2015年丽水卷选词填空)Hey,guys!If you know the answers,please put up your hands____your heads.
20.(2015年杭州卷单词拼写)All the stu-dents are studying at school e____Tom,who is ill at home.
21.(2015年宁波卷语法填空)Why not go and borrow some money____her?
22.(2015年广州卷完形填空)When the king saw that she was playing his old harp,he was filled____joy.
A.in
B.of
C.by
D.with
23.(2015年三亚卷选择填空)-A person's life is like a road____lots of difficulties.
-Yes,so we need positive energy.
A.by
B.with
C.along
24.(2015年三亚卷单词拼写)Do you know the difference____(在……之间)“be-side"and"besides"?
25.(2015年武威卷完形填空)They hope it can protect them____terrible air.
A.in
B.from
C.for
D.at
26.(2015年盐城卷选择填空)This photo reminded the old man____the days when he was young.
A.with
B.for
C.by
D.of
27.(2015年河南卷单项选择)Wild ani-mals are our friends.We shouldn't kill them____food or clothing.
A.in
B.with
C.about
D.for
答案:
1.B 2.B 3.during 4.C 5.for 6.D 7.B 8.of 9.at 10.against 11.in;for 12.B 13.with 14.A 15.D 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.over 20.ex-cept 21.from 22.D 23.B 24.between 25.B 26.D 27.D
强化练习:
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
1.-What a beautiful mobile phone!
-I think so.My uncle gave it to me____ my birthday.
A.with
B.at
C.to
D.for
2.-I want to buy a ticket____the movie Rock Hero.
-You're lucky.We have only one left.
A.to
B.at
C.with
D.in
3.David often practices English____chat-ting with his pen pal.
A.of
B.by
C.for
D.with
4.-When will you leave this afternoon?
-I think I'll stay____five.
A.at
B.for
C.since
D.until
5.The library is closed____Monday eve-ning.
A.at
B.on
C.in
D.from
6.-When and where did you take this photo____the shark?
-Last year in Dalian.
A.to
B.with
C.of
D.between
7.-Do you agree with Alice's idea?
-No.I'm____going there by bus.Why not ride our bikes?
A.against
B.on
C.for
D.off
8.He was born____1897 and died____ the age of 30.
A.in;at
B.on;in
C.in;on
D.at;in
9.-Joe,do you learn to play the violin____your cousin?
-No,I learn it all____myself.
A.of;on
B.of;by
C.from;on
D.from;by
10.-You play ping-pong so well.How long have you learned?
-____five years.
A.In
B.After
C.For
D.By
11.He writes____his foot because he has no hands.
A.at
B.with
C.for
D.as
12.-Where is your grandpa?
-Lookl He is sitting____a group of peo-ple over there.
A.from
B.about
C.between
D.among
13.-I can't finish the work____him.
-Really?I will ask him to help you.
A.for
B.to
C.without
D.with
14.We have different opinions____how to help the children in the poor areas.
A.on
B.at
C.in
D.with
15.The little elephant is afraid to go alone.He always walks____his mother.
A.beside
B.besides
C.below
D.before
16.-Would you please show me the way____the bank?
-Yes,go straight on.It's opposite a super-market.
A.in
B.for
C.with
D.to
17.-Who else do you know at the party____Lily and Lucy?
-No one.
A.except
B.between
C.among
D.besides
18.He can dance____the music though he is only two years old.
A.with
B.to
C.for
D.at
19.-Would you like some milk?
-Yes,and get me some honey,please.prefer milk____honey.
A.to
B.in
C.with
D.for
20.-Taking buses is much faster than rid- ing bicycles in Zhengzhou.
-Well,I disagree____you.It depends on where you ride.
A.with
B.to
C.of
D.at
21.Nowadays not only the young but also the old are getting interested____WeChat.
A.by
B.about
C.in
D.for
22.-Oh,what is the girl____red doing?
-I think she's waiting____someone.
A.with;in
B.in;for
C.of;on
D.on;with
23.It is very kind____you to help me with my lessons.It's hard____me to learn them well without your help.
A.of;for
B.of;of
C.for;of
D.for;for
24.-How soon will Tina's show be on?
-____five minutes.
A.In
B.For
C.At
D.From
25.-Did Lucy get the first prize in themath competition?
-Yeah.Nobody knew the answer____the last question except her.
A.in
B.with
C.to
D.for
Key:
1-5 DABDB
6-10 CAADC
11-15 BDCAA
16-20 DDBCA
21-25 CBAAC