日本鳗鲡消化系统的形态及组织学研究

时间:2022-09-18 01:05:39

日本鳗鲡消化系统的形态及组织学研究

摘要:利用解剖学和组织学显微技术对日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)的消化系统进行形态学及组织学研究。结果显示,日本鳗鲡消化道由口咽腔、食道、胃、小肠和直肠组成。口咽腔较大,黏膜上皮为复层扁平上皮,内含较多的杯状细胞。食道、胃及肠均由黏膜层、黏膜下层、肌层和浆膜层构成。食道短,黏膜上皮包括复层扁平上皮和单层柱状上皮。胃膨大,呈Y形,由贲门部、胃体部和幽门部组成,盲囊部发达。胃壁黏膜为单层柱状上皮,胃腺位于胃体部。肠道短,包括小肠和直肠,由前向后杯状细胞和黏膜褶皱不断减少。消化腺包括肝脏和胰脏,肝小叶分界不明显,肝细胞内脂肪滴明显。胰脏包括外分泌部和内分泌部,外分泌部由许多腺泡组成,胰岛散布在外分泌部内。

关键词:日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica);消化系统;组织学;形态学

中图分类号:Q959.46+9;S917.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2012)17-3804-05

Morphology and Histology Studies on the Digestive System of Japanese Eel,

Anguilla japonica

SUN Yuan,CHEN Zhen-feng

(College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

Abstract:The morphology and histology structures of the digestive system of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica were studied by using the anatomy and light microscope. The result showed that the digestive tract in A. japonica was composed of buccal-pharynx cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and rectum. The buccal-pharynx cavity was large, and its mucosa was composed of stratified squamous epitheliums with some goblet cells. The esophagus, stomach and intestine were composed of the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa layers. The esophagus was short, and stratified and simple columnar squamous epitheliums were identified. The stomach was expanded, Y-shaped, and composed of cardia, body of stomach and pylorus, and the gastric caecum was conspicuous. The stomach mucosa was comprised of simple columnar squamous epitheliums and the stomach gland was located in the body of the stomach. The intestines was short and included the small intestine and the rectum. From foregut to hindgut, the number of goblet cells and intestinal villus reduced gradually. The digestive glands were composed of the liver and the pancreas. The liver lobule was inconspicuous, but its hepatic cells were rich in fat. The pancreas was divided into the exocrine section and the endocrine section. The exocrine section of the pancreas was consisted of many pancreatic acinar cells. The pancreas islets were located in the exocrine section.

Key words: Anguilla japonica; digestive system; histology; morphology

日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)俗称河鳗、白鳗,隶属于硬骨鱼纲鳗鲡目鳗鲡科鳗鲡属。日本鳗鲡因其肉质细嫩鲜美,富含多种维生素、蛋白质及易被人体吸收的多烯不饱和脂肪酸而深受人们的喜爱,素有“水中人参”之称,已成为水产养殖中产业化程度较高的养殖品种之一[1-3]。目前,我国关于日本鳗鲡的研究多集中于健康养殖、病害防治及繁殖生物学等相关内容[4-6],而对其消化系统的组织学及形态学方面的研究鲜有报道,仅见郭琼林等[7]于1994年报道了日本鳗鲡肝脏、脾脏的超微结构。本研究首次以日本鳗鲡的消化系统为研究对象,采用解剖学及组织学显微技术观察分析了日本鳗鲡消化系统的形态学和组织学特点,旨在积累该种鱼的消化系统生物学资料,为其人工养殖及疾病防治提供参考。

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