初中宾语从句小结

一、 定义

用一句话做一个句子的宾语就是宾语从句。

二、 结构

主语 + 谓语 + 引导词 + 宾语从句。

三、 引导词

1. 当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导， that无词义，常可省略。

My biggest problem is that I’m too busy.

I think Jim Carry is the funniest actor.

I know that I have to improve my English.

I’m sorry you didn’t have fun on your dayoff.

I’m certain I’ll be here for the Olymepic Games in 2008.

2. 当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”，可以互换。

Excuse me， I wonder if you can help me.

Do you know if there are any public restrooms around here？

Could you tell me if there is a good museum in Sunville？

3. 当由特殊疑问句充当宾语从句时，用特殊疑问词what、 when、 where、 how ... 等做引导词。

Have you decided what you want to do after school？

We never know what will happen in the future.

Could you rell me where the restrooms are？

Can you tell me how you study for a big test？

In China，it depends on where you are.

四、 语序

不论整个句子是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句的语序永远都是陈述句语序。

五、 时态

1. 当主句为一股现在时时，从句可以是任何时态。

I think I’m creative and outgoing.

Ithink I’ll go to HongKong on vacation.

It shows that you like the food.

Lin Pei says he has learned more about animals.

I believe it’s important to sleep eight hours a night.

2. 当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须是过去时的某种时态。

（1） 如果从句动作发生在主句动作之后，从句是过去将来时。

They said that they would help us.

She said she was having a party for Lana.

Lana said she would bring some drinks and snacks to Marcia’s house.

He thought the customer would hate them.

Lana thought she was going to her house to study.

（2） 如果从句动作与主句动作同时发生，从句是一般过去时/过去进行时。

He said I was hard-working.

Lana said she was mad at Marcia.

I thought I failed my test but I just found out I passed.

But I just found out that my friends were planning a birthday party for my best friend and they didn’t invite me.

He described where they had landed and told how they were moving across the United States.

（3） 如果从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句是过去完成时。

I realized I had left my backpack at home.

Then I found out that my friend had fooled me.

In 1938，a radio program announced that aliens from Mars had landed on the Earth.

He described where they had landed and told how they were moving across the United States.

By the time the authorities revealed that the story was a hoax， thousands of people had fled from their homes.

4. 从句是客观真理、客观存在、习惯行为时，宾语从句总是用一般现在时。

He said he has a ball.

I heard that Canada is beautiful.

I heard that Thailand is a good place to go sight seeing.

I heard that Easy Listening 97.9 FM is the most popular.

I told her that I love animals.

I heard that it’s rude to made sounds when you eat.

延伸思考

下面我们一起看看初中课本里几个think宾语从句的否定形式：

He thought that computers would never be used by most people.

I can’t think what I did wrong.