高考英语强调句的四类考点

一、考查强调结构的基本形式

即考查It is...that...这一强调句式的用法,其考点主要涉及句首it的正确使用(通常用this,that,he,she等进行干扰),句中that的正确使用(通常用what,which,how,when,since,before,after,as等进行干扰)等。如:

(1)David said that it was because of his strong interest in literaturehe chose the course. (上海卷)

A. that B. what?摇 C. why?摇 D. how

答案为A。考查“It is +被强调成分+ that...”这一强调句式,被强调成分为介词短语because of his strong interest in literature。

(2) I don’t mind her criticizing me,butis how she does it that I object to. (江西卷)

A. it B. that C. this D. which

答案为A。此题考查强调结构It is...that...的用法,被强调成分为how she does it。句意为:我不介意她批评我,我反对的是她批评我的方式。

二、考查强调结构特殊疑问句形式

强调结构It is...that...的特殊疑问句形式是“疑问词+ is it that...”。遇到这类题时,关键是要能够识别它是强调结构,同时根据句意或句子成分确定相应疑问词的选择。如:

(1) ―that he manage to get the information?

―Oh,a friend of his helped him. (山东卷)

A. Where was it B. What was it

C. How was it D. Why was it

答案为C。考查强调结构的特殊疑问句形式,根据答语的意思可知,问句用疑问词how最合适。how在此表示方式。

(2) I just wonderthat makes him so excited. (山东卷)

A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is

答案为D。考查强调结构的特殊疑问句形式。由于其中的动词makes缺主语,说明空格处应填一个能用作主语的疑问词,由此可排除how,故可确定正确答案只能在B和D之间;再根据强调结构的基本句式“疑问词+ is it that...”可知,答案只能是D。

三、综合考查强调结构和not...until句式

not...until句式用于强调结构时,其基本结构为It was not until...that...格式,命题切入点主要有三个方面:一是考查It was not until的正确形式(通常用其肯定式进行干扰),二是考查其中的that的正确用法(通常用when等干扰),三是考查not until后的语序(应用正常语序,但可能用倒装语序来干扰)。如:

(1)It washe came back from Africa that yearhe met the girl he would like to marry. (江西卷)

A. when;then?摇 B. not;until?摇 C. not until;that D. only;when

答案为C。考查not...until的强调句形式,其基本结构是It was not until...that...。如:It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness. 直到我遇到你以后,我才真正体会到幸福。

(2) Itwe had stayed together for a couple of weeksI found we had a lot in common. (浙江卷)

A. was until;when?摇?摇 B. was until;that

C. wasn’t until;when?摇?摇 D. wasn’t until;that

答案为D。此题考查not...until句式的强调形式It was not until...that...的用法。注意不要想当然地将其中的that换成when。

四、综合考查强调结构和not...but...句式

not...but...句式的强调结构所采用的命题形式通常为It is not...but...that...。如:

(1) It is not who is right but what is rightis of importance. (重庆卷)

A. which?摇?摇 B. it?摇?摇 C. that?摇?摇 D. this

答案为C。此题考查It is...that...这一强调句式,被强调的是not who is right but what is right。全句意为:重要的不是谁是对的,而是什么才是对的。

(2)―I’ve read another book this week.

―Well,maybeis not how much you read but what you read that counts. (浙江卷)

A. this?摇?摇 B. that?摇?摇 C. there?摇?摇 D. it

答案为D。此题考查强调句式的用法。It is not how much you read but what you read that counts其实是一个强调句,其意为:重要的不是你读了多少,而是你读了些什么。句中的count意为“重要”“有重要性”,与动词matter意思相同。又如:You really count with me. 对我来说你确实很重要。

【小练一下】

1. I really don’t knowI had my mobile phone stolen.

A. when was it that B. that it was when

C. where it was that?摇 D. it was where that

2. Was itit snowed last night that you didn?t come to the party?

A. that?摇?摇 B. because?摇?摇 C. why?摇?摇 D. if

3. I just don?t understandthat prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect.

A. why it does?摇?摇 B. what it does?摇?摇 C. what it is?摇?摇 D. why it is

4. It was the news of not being the first to know and everyone who did know lying to me about ithurt me.

A. what B. which C. that D. ×

5. It was not until she had arrived homeshe remembered her appointment with the doctor.

A. that B. when C. and D. where

6. It is the protection for the treesreally matters,rather than how many trees are planted.

A. what B. that C. / ?摇D. which

7. It was his word and action,but not his appearance, moved us deeply.

A. that B. which C. who D. as

8. Why! I have nothing to confess.you want me to say?

A. What is it thatB. What it is that

C. How is it that D. How it is that

9. It was after he got what he had desiredhe realized it was not so important.

A. that B. when

C. since D. as

10. It was what he meant rather than what he saidannoyed me.

A. that B. it

C. what D. which

【答案详解】

1. C。句意为:我真的不知道我的手机是在哪儿被偷的。强调句的特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问词+ is / was + that / who / whom +句子其余部分”构成。

2. B。此题考查强调句的一般疑问句结构:Is / Was + it +被强调的部分+ that / who / whom +句子其余部分? 被强调的部分是because引导的原因状语从句。

3. C。本题强调的是宾语从句中的主语。还原为陈述句是:I just don’t understand what prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect。

4. C。本题考查强调句的基本结构。此题被强调的主语部分较复杂,the news是主语,后面的of not being the first to know and everyone who did know lying to me about it作the news的定语。句子的简单结构是:It was the news that hurt me.

5. A。It is not until...that...是not...until的强调式,为固定结构。

6. B。强调主语 the protection for the trees。

7. A。许多同学会受空格前面逗号的影响,认为此句是非限制性定语从句,对前面的his word and action或his appearance进行说明,从而将答案误选为B、C或D。而事实上,此题的正确答案为A,整个句子是强调句型It was...that...,强调部分是his word and action,but not his appearance。

8?郾 A。考查强调结构的特殊疑问句形式。因为及物动词say要接宾语,排除C和D;这是一个疑问句,所以is要放在it之前,排除B,只有A正确。

9?郾 A。考查“It be +被强调成分+ that?郾?郾?郾”这一强调句式,句中的被强调成分是after he got what he had desired。

10?郾 A。被强调部分是 what he meant rather than what he said,其中的 rather than相当于 but not。全句意为:让我恼火的不是他所说的话,而是他话里(隐含)的意思。