任务驱动分步呈现

【案例背景】

二期课改的全面推进对课堂教学提出了新的要求。但在英语课堂教学中常常存在着教学目标不够清晰，学生学习积极性和主动性不高的情况。因而想通过任务驱动分步呈现的方式将学生置于需要完成的任务情景的氛围中，引起学生的兴趣，使学生处于一种积极、主动的能动状态。让学生在任务中产生问题，通过任务驱动进行探究，有目的、分步骤地进行本课的新知识（新单词、新句型及课文的理解等）的学习，并且有效的解决在英语学习中存在的问题，提高课堂实效。

【课堂主要环节】

本节课采取“任务驱动”的教学模式，围绕模拟情景——提出问题——解决问题——探究问题的过程设计，重点安排了如下两方面的教学环节：

1.课文理解：通过一系列任务链呈现问题，引导学生理解文章的主要内容，在有限的课堂学习中激发学生的学习兴趣，实现任务的有效性。

2.学习语言知识：通过对一系列任务的呈现及解决，引导学生有目的、分步骤地学习本课的新知识。

【主要片断陈述】

本课内容所涉及的恐龙与现实生活相距甚远，为了让学生自然的了解那个世界，对课文内容发生兴趣，从而在积极主动的状态下学习本课知识点，我采取了任务分步呈现的方式：

1．情景呈现：播放影片“Walking with dinosaurs”。

T:Have you ever been to a zoo before?What did you see in the zoo?

S:Yes. I saw many different animals such as lions, tigers,monkeys,elephants ,pandas and so on.

T: Today we are going to visit a special zoo.Let’s walk around it and know the life of the animals in this special zoo. (Show the film“Walking with dinosaurs”.）

在这里我从呈现动物的话题自然地过渡到今天所要接触到的生活在远古时代的恐龙。

2．问题呈现：

T:What do you think of the film?What does the film talk about?

S:It’s great and interesting. I saw many different kinds of dinosaurs.

T:Let’s do a quiz.

① Can we find dinosaurs in the zoo?

② Were dinosaurs all dead?

③ Did ancient people eat dinosaurs?

④ Did they live only on land?

这几个简单的问题主要是设计给班级英语学习能力较薄弱的同学的，他们对这些简单的问题回答起来很轻松，直接调动了他们的积极性。

T:What do you think of dinosaurs?Can you use some words to describe them?

S1:They looked very big.

S2:They looked very heavy.

S3:They looked very angry.

T: Angry?It’s fierce.Sit down,please.What about the small ones?Were they fierce or gentle?

S4:They were gentle.

在这一环节中，学生讨论积极热烈，在对以前旧单词的复习过程中学习新单词“残暴”。

３．语言理解的任务呈现

T： We have learnt a lot about the dinosaurs from the film.When did they live?

S： Sixty million years ago.

T： These were ancient people.They lived on earth about four thousand years ago. Dinosaurs lived on earth for a long time before people existed.Exist means live .What does “exist”mean in Chinese?

S: 生存。

T: Yes.And how do we learn about the lives of the dinosaurs ? We know about the lives of the dinosaurs from the skeleton,footprints and eggs they left behind.Now look at the new word “skeleton”, “left behind” means “遗留”.How many dinosaurs were there on earth about sixty million years ago?

S: There were millions of them.

T: Yes.And where did they live?

S1:They lived on earth.

S2:They lived everywhere.

T:We have learnt much about the dinosaurs. The sizes of dinosaurs are different.Some dinosaurs were as small as a chicken. “as[WW(]…[WW)]as” means “the same as”Others were as big as ten elephants. Sheep are gentle. Some dinosaurs were as gentle as sheep.So they were very kind and they ate plants.Some dinosaurs were very fierce.Fierce means angry and dangerous. They were as fierce as tigers.They fed on meat.Others were fiercer than tigers. They hurt other dinosaurs. What kind of dinosaurs were fierce?You can speak in Chinese.

S:霸王龙

T:Some were harmful and some were harmless.Harm means hurt. Harmful means causing harm.

【思考与感悟】

任务呈现是任务型课堂教学所特有的教学环节。任务型课堂教学要一开始就呈现任务，让学生在任务的驱动下学习语言知识和进行技能训练。呈现任务的过程应是由初级任务到高级任务的“任务链”过程，任务的难度不能超出学生的语言能力。同时，有很多问题在课堂上有限的时间内是无法解决的，这就要求教师把一些相关的问题设计成一个个的任务留给学生课外完成。在布置课外任务时，教师一定要根据学生的实际情况，找到教学内容与学生生活经验和兴趣之间的最佳结合点。

（作者单位：上海市梅川中学）