高考英语书面表达高分卷再思考

时间:2022-09-12 07:09:24

高考英语书面表达高分卷再思考

摘要:要想在高考英语书面表达中获得高分,除了要点全,语法正确,表达准确,结构完整,逻辑通顺,卷面整洁外,还应尽可能使用一定的高级结构语言来增强文章的情感性,打动阅卷老师。

关键词:高考作文写作技巧

山东高考英语写作占30分,为主观性试题。高考评卷“对学生的作文主要从内容要点、语言使用效果、结构和连贯性、格式和语域以及与目标读者的交流五个方面进行评价。可以采用综合性评价,也可以采用分析性评价。通常采用分档次按等级评分制。”(普通高中英语课程标准,人民教育出版社P55)。但谁来评价,是人来评价,主要是大学英语教师及研究生等饱学之士居高临下的审视和甄别,是评卷人在规定的时间内按高考的阅卷要求在网上完成一定数量的任务,时间紧,任务重这样一种状态下的评价,做到完全客观公正不可能。所以在写作中,必须要考虑阅卷中“人”的因素。为此,我们在高考写作备考工作中,应审慎,以人为本,不可马痹大意,切实落实好以下几个方面的工作。

第一,书写认真―――尊重读者

书写是一个人的外貌,反映一个人的水平和态度。高考中好的字体反映了你的从容,说明你有充分的时间来做,你水平高;你写的认真反映了你的态度:你做事认真。草率不适于做学问,志不同道不合。字好不是一天所能练就的,字体好说明你平时是认真的学生,高考这样一次决定你命运的考试,要想获得阅卷老师的青睐,就必须在外貌上具有“高分作文的气质”。干净整洁的卷面可以打动阅卷老师的心,有可能获得意外的高分。

第二,写好开头和结尾―――吸引读者

“良好的开端是成功的一半。”好的开头能马上抓住读者,使其产生继续读下去的心理期待,萌发敬佩与愉悦的心情,拉近了距离。好的结尾无疑起到画龙点睛的作用,使文章锦上添花。试欣赏2010―2013高考英语(山东卷)范文的开头与结尾:

1)开头:I am indeed very sorry that I can’t go to Beijing with you next weekend,which I promised.(2010年)

How is everything doing?You have been studying in Beijing for nearly a month,during which you must have achieved a lot.(2011年)

I would like to share some experience of English learning since I won the first prize in the English Contest.(2012年)

I’m glad to receive your e-mail,and I am so sorry I couldn’t reply in time which you sent me a week ago.(2013年)

2010年高考要求写一封道歉信,文章开头直接说明写信缘由,态度诚恳、严谨、郑重,可为得体。2011年以询问开始,又对朋友抱有信心,既亲切又切题,一举两得。2012年范文开门见山直奔主题,让人一目了然,耳目一新。2013年范文,开头作者内心充满高兴和歉意,迎合了对方的心理。

2)结尾:Once again,I’m sorry for any inconveince caused.(2010年)

After the contest,I am to drop in at your school to visit you. Please waiting for my phone.(2011年)

All in all,every road leads to Rome,but I believe hard work pays off.(2012年)

I am looking forward to your earliest reply.(2013年)

2010年范文,这样的结尾,给人一种如释重负且瓜熟蒂落的宽慰感觉。2011年结尾,平淡中体现朋友间的真情和理解。2012年结尾,总括自己的观点,有始有终,浑然一体。2013年以合理的客套话结尾,期待对方的早日回复。

第三,坚持“晚词”优先,制造词汇和结构亮点―――征服读者。

高中生有好多写文章依然用初中学的字词句结构来写高中的内容,为什么呢?他们比较熟悉,用起来顺手。高中的字词句(晚学的词)不够熟练,怕出错,“还是回避的好”,其实,这样做正降低了自己的身份。写作应尽量用高中所学的篇章结构、句式和字词,恰当地运用到写作中去,这不仅在硬件上提高了层次,而且还可以引起阅卷人心理上的共鸣,增强对你的认可度,从而影响高考中的得分。试体会以下几组句子的差异:

a. When I left America,I promised Mr.Smith to write him and tell him more about Chinese festivals.

b. Leaving America,I made a promise that I would write to Mr. Smith and tell him more about Chinese festivals.(2009山东卷)

a. I would thank you for allowing me to make another date to show you around Beijing.

b. I would appreciate your allowing me to make another date to show you around Beijing.(2010年山东卷)

a. And now I try my best to make preparations for it,but I have some trouble in collecting the materials.

b. And now I try my best to make preparations for it. However / Nevertheless,I have some trouble in collecting the materials.(2011年山东卷)

a. In order to learn it well,besides English class,I took an active part in English corner and other after-class English activities.

b. In order to learn it well,apart from English class,I took an active part in English corner and other after-class English activities.(2012年山东卷)

a. Walking through a well-known national park is another must on my list. There I can enjoy the creations of nature and relax myself.

b. Walking through a well-known national park is another must om my list,where I can enjoy the creations of nature and relax myself.(2013年山东卷)

a. I will earn much money and gain some social experience through it.

b. Not only will I earn much money but also I will gain some social experience through it.(2013年山东卷)

第四,不要让阅卷人找出你的毛病―――理解读者

大学教师在阅卷中是以一种挑剔的眼光来看待每一份试卷,找出的错误越多他越高兴:小的问题越多,他判的分越不会出现问题,他用的时间也越短,越省事:看上两句就这么多错误,下面还不知道有多少错误呢?因此,成文之后你要仔细的校验,尽量避免在字词句意上的疏漏与错误。关于这一点,短文改错同学们已经非常熟悉了,勿庸赘述。

第五,重视文章的感染力―――感动读者

一篇文章要具有真情实感,能够震撼读者的心灵,激起读者的共鸣。要想在高考英语书面表达中获得高分,除了要点全、语法正确、表达准确、结构完整、逻辑通顺、卷面整洁外,还应尽可能使用一定的情感语言,来增强文章的情感性,提高文章的档次,打动阅卷老师。更重要的是,情感语言的使用还能增强文章的连贯性和醒目性,从而最终增强语言的可读性,提高文章的得分。下面以2013年的山东卷高考试题来加以说明:

高考范文Dear Tom,

I’m sorry I couldn’t reply to your e-mail because I was busy with my lessons for my final exam. Now I am writing to tell you my plans for the coming summer holidays.

The first thing I olan to do is to do a part-time job in a fast-food restaurant. I can earn some money and gain some social experience. In addition,I will go on a trip to Sichuan,where there are a lot of places of interest. Finally and most importantly,I’ll go to Ya’an to work as a volunteer. There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help. I’ll help them forget about sorrow by playing with them and telling stories. I hope what I will do will help them a lot. These is my plan for the summer vacation.

Best wishes. Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

评价:作者以道歉开篇,然后说明未及时回信的理由,态度有傲慢之嫌,有居高临下之感。

第二段介绍暑假的计划,多数句子以“I”开头,直白平淡,没有考虑到对方的感受,感染力不足,有一种漠然的态度。结尾部分也缺乏情感,没有体现出朋友之间的友情。虽冠以范文,若让高考阅卷人来阅,也未必得高分。

外籍教师的范文(学校加拿大外教Amry)Dear Tom,

How is everything going? I am delighted to hear from your e-mail,and I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of answering your letter in time. You know,I’ve been preparing for the final exams these days,so I forgot to write back. In your letter,you asked me for my plans for summer vacation. Now,I am writing to tell you some specific details.

Overall,three things will make my summer vacation meaningful. To start with,doing a part-time job is my dream and I intend to work a salesman because not only can I earn money by myself,but also it will broaden my horizons. In addition,it is a fabulous choice to visit some famous scenic spots such as Mount Tai in order to enjoy appealing scenery and make more friends. What’s more,doing voluntary work,as you often do,will make a great contribution to society,which is able to enrich my life.

I sincerely apologize again for not answering your letter soon. By the way,what’s your plan to spend your summer vacation? I am looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

评价:文章用了较新较妙的结构:“Overall,three things will make my summer vacation meaningful. not only can I earn money by myself,but also...”,令人耳目一新,更重要的是,较多地使用了一些情感丰富的词和结构,像delighted,terribly,You know,fabulous,appealing,as you often do,sincerely,by the way,looking forward to等体贴充满真挚情感的语言,把道歉之情和朋友间的情谊表现的淋漓尽致,具有强烈的感染力。

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