中考英语词汇类试题解析

时间:2022-07-17 01:46:36

中考英语词汇类试题解析

词汇是构成人类语言大厦的建筑材料,是语言三要素中最重要的、最基本的要素,因此词汇是中考英语考查的一个重点。其考查的方式主要有如下几种:

一、单词拼写

这种题型重在考查常用词汇的拼写情况,多数省市采用在句子基础上考查在一定上、下文中单词拼写的能力,要求写出该单词时必须考虑它所处的句子环境,采用其正确形式。

1. I hear you'reliving _______(高兴)in the newbuilding.

该题所空之处系修饰动词living,应用副词形式happily。

2. September is the n _______ month of the year. 此题应填序数词ninth,注意n后不带e。

3. Jack is h _____now,because he didn’thavebreakfastthismorning.

此题须根据后句“因为他今天早上未吃早饭”,才可推断出Jack现在是饿了,因此应填hungry(而不填happy, healthy, helpful, heavy等其他以h开头的形容词)。

4. Keep _______(传)the ball to each other, andyou’llbeOK.

该题应填passing,keep后应接动词的ing形式作宾语。

5. This skirt isc ____ and the other is expensive.

该题填cheap。后面的expensive正好与该词相对。

二、词形转换

词形转换要求写出所给词的某一形式,其趋势也是在句子基础上考查:

1.―Whichisyour favouritemonth?

―I think Mayisthe________.(good)

填best,前一句问的是最喜欢的月份,因此要用最高级。

2. All the people like the film because it’s very ______.(interest)

填interesting,主语若指人则用interested。

3. Who runs _______ in the class? (fast)

应填fastest,此处是有一比较的范围in the class,应用副词fast的最高级。

4. There are a lot of tall ________ (build) in the city.

应填buildings,首先根据句子结构考虑要用名词,其次要注意用复数。

5. The workers were wearing thick clothes andglassestokeep ________safe.(they)

应填themselves。用反身代词表强调。

三、词语释义

这一题型的题目较多地反映在同义词语或相同表达上。如:take care of/look after, have a good time/enjoy oneself,go tobed/go to sleep, be good at/do well in,by air/by plane, nolonger /not...any longer, keep doing sth. / go on doing sth. befull of/be filled with,worry about/be worried about, feellike(doing)/would like(to do),at once/right away等。例如:

1. They go shopping every day.

A. buy things B. borrow books

C. work in the shop

答案A。go shopping还可用go to buy things/shop (作动词)/pay money for things in shops/do the shopping等来解释。

2. Don’t worry. Your daughter will be all right soon.

A.illB.happyC.wellD.nice

答案C。all right指身体恢复健康。

3. “Thank you verymuch.” “Not at all.”

A.Sorry B.Youarewelcome

C. CertainlyD.Itdoesn'tmatter

答案B。对感谢的答语还有:That’s all right. /Don’t mentionit 等。

4. Bull is badly ill. You have to send for the doctor at once.

A.look for the doctor B.ring the doctor up

C.write to the doctorD.ask the doctor to come

选D。send for的含义为“派人去叫(请)”。

5.You have enough time. Don’t hurry, please.

A. Take your time B. Be quick

C. Don’tbe lateD. Do it soon

选A。take one’s time意为“不急、慢慢来”。

四、单词填空

单词填空在句子或语篇基础上考查在一定语境下拼写单词的能力,因此其形式在原形基础上有一定的变化,考查的方式不同,近年来多采用看图填词和(常识性)填空等形式。例如:

A:在下列句子中填上适当的词使句子完整正确。

1. There are four ______ in a year. They are spring,summer,autumnandwinter.

2. After along walk I got very ________ , soIlaydownandhadarest.

3. PeopleinEnglanduseMr, Mrs or Miss with the ______name.

4. A: We’ll have a look at the woollen sweaters.

B: No hurry! Please take your _______ !

5. A: Where is my coat,Mum?

B: I _______ itawayforyouthismorning.

答案与分析:

1.seasons。下一句说明是“季节”一词,注意要用复数。

2.tired。after a long walk...和下文的……had a rest 说明不是hungry/thirsty等。

3.family。在姓氏(surname)前用Mr, Mrs, Miss 等,不可填given,full等。

4.time。take one’s time意为:No hurry/Don’t hurry。

5.put。put...away意为“收拾起来”。

少数省市还常采用英汉词组互译等形式考查词汇,许多省市采用的动词(时态)填空,补全对话、句型转换、完成句子、综合填空(短)、选择填空中也从不同侧面充分考查了同学们词汇掌握和使用情况。

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