高中英语难点详解

时间:2022-08-22 06:09:38

高中英语难点详解

在平时的测试中我们发现,许多学生对有些知识点一直处于模糊状态。现笔者根据一线教学经验特作以下总结,以期对广大学子能有所帮助。

1.who,whom,whoever,whomever的区别

who引导名词性从句,作从句的主语或宾语,作宾语时可以和whom转换。如:

Can you tell me who passed the exam?who引导宾语从句,作从句的主语;

I wonder who you helped just now. who引导宾语从句,作从句的宾语,此处的who可以换成whom.

whoever引导名词性从句,在语法的角度上可以分成两部分:anyone who或者those who。一部分做主句的一个成分,另一部分做从句的一个成分。当从句缺少主语时,此时的whoever引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是单数也可以是复数;当从句缺少宾语成分时可以和whomever转换,相当于anyone whom。如:

(1)Whoever passed the exam deserve(s) a praise. Whoever引导主语从句,可以改成anyone who,此时从句的动词应为deserves,也可以改为those who,此时从句的动词应为deserve。

(2)Teachers will award _______ pass(es) the exam.(答案为whoever,解析同上)

(3)You can give the flower to _______ you like at first sight.答案为whoever / whomever,引导一个宾语从句,可以改为anyone who / whom,作从句中like的宾语。

2.几种句式的转换

请用以下四种句式翻译下面的句子。

然而能够肯定的是木乃伊的诅咒直到今天仍然是个谜。

(1)What_______________________.

(2)That_______________________.

(3)It_______________________.

(4)As_______________________.

第一个句式是what引导的主语从句,其中what作从句的主语,故:

What is certain, though, is that the curse of the mummy remains a riddle to this day.

第二个句式是that引导的主语从句,其中that在句中既没有意义,也没有作用,只是连接两个句子,但是不能省略,故:

That the curse of the mummy remains a riddle to this day is certain, though.

第三个句式是第二种句式的转换,使用形式主语it,此时的句子结构更加合理,故:

It is certain, though, is that the curse of the mummy remains a riddle to this day.

第四个句式是as引导的定语从句,其中as译为“正如”,指代后面整个句子,也可以换成which代替整个句子放在句尾,故:

As is certain, though, the curse of the mummy remains a riddle to this day.或:

The curse of the mummy remains a riddle to this day, which is certain,though.

3.在一个主从复合句中,如果主句和从句的主语一致,通常会使用省略形式,具体结构如下

(1)定语从句的省略:介词+which/whom+to do

如:I want to borrow some paper which I can draw a picture with.可以省略为:

I want to borrow some paper with which to draw a picture.

(2)宾语从句的省略:连接词+to do

I don’t know whether I shall go.可改为:

I don’t know whether to go.

以下习题供同学们练习:

1.In order to encourage the workers to work hard, the manager decides to award ________ produces the most in the factory.

A.who B.whom C.whomever D.whoever

2.________ Tom was worried about seemed clearly to the whole family.

A.That B.Which C.What D.How

3.________ we can find from the following, the number of students dropping out is going down.

A.That B.It C.As D.What

4.________ the sports meet of our school is held is still not decided.

A.What B.Where C.If D.That

附答案:

1.D 2.C 3.C 4.B

(作者单位 江苏省泰州市民兴实验中学)

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