谈谈中学英语中的强调句型

在中学英语教学中，提到强调句型时，通常指的是："It be--that--"这一结构（简称It--type强调句）。 这确实是一个非常有用的句型，在中学英语课本中也多次出现，如：

It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.

决不只是盲人才犯这样愚蠢的错误。

It was the goat's eyes that he had seen in the darkness.

他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。

一、强调句的基本句型

it is/was +被强调部分+that +其他成分

被强调部分是人时，可用who作连词， 强调其他任何部分用that.It-type强调句通常可用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语,所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。

It is only I who am willing to go to the film.

愿意看电影的只有我。

It was in the hole that I found the gun.

在坑里我发现了那只枪。

It-type强调句的特征是：如果我们把"It be--that--"从句中划去，所剩的正好是一个完整的句子。实际上"It be…that…"只不过是一个框架而已，它的各 部份在句子中均不担任成份。

例如 上面第一句经过处理后就成了：

Not only blind men make such stupid mistakes.

1) The Foreign Minster said,____ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.?A. This is B. There is

C. That isD. It is(04 北京，24)

2) It was with great joy ____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.

A. becauseB. whichC. sinceD. that

(04， 福建，35)

二、 特殊疑问句的强调

它的特殊疑问句，只需在一般疑问句前加上疑问句， 如：

When was it that you called me yesterday?

你昨天打电话给我是什么时候？

Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?

这为什么不允许吸烟？

Where was it that he bought the bike?

他是在什么地方买到这辆自行车的？

三、状语从句的强调

只需把状语从句置于被强调部分即可。如：

It was when he broke the door that he found his room robbed and something stolen.

只是在他打开门的瞬间他发现房间被劫东西被偷。

但强调状语时，有几个方面是必须注意的：

1.条件，让步状语从句不能强调，如：

If it rains, we won't hold our sports meet..

如果下雨，我们就不开运动会。

Wel try to finish the work in time though we are short of manpower.

虽然我们缺乏人力，我们还是要设法按时完成这项工作。

不能强调为：

It is if it rains that we won't hold our sports meet.

It is though we are short of manpower that wel try to finish the work in time.

2.It-type强调句型可强调because引导的原因状语从句，但不可强调as, since引导的原因状语从句，例如：

I attend the lecture not because I want to listen to him.

不是因为我愿意听他讲，我才去听报告的。

可强调为：

It isnot because I want to listen to him that I attend the lecture.

下面这个句子则不可以强调：

Since no one is against it, wel adopt the proposal.

既然没有人反对，这个议案我们就通过了。

3.It-type强调句型可强调so that引起的目的状语从句，但不能强调so that引起的结果状语从句，例如：

The six blind men asked the driver to stop the beast so that they could have a "look".

六个盲人要求赶象人让这头巨兽停下来，以便他们能“看一看”。

可强调为：

It was so that they could have ahat the six blind men asked the driver to stop the beast.

下面这个句子则不可以强调：

He didnt plan his time well, so that he didn finish the work in time.

他没有把时间计划好，结果没有按时完成这项工作。

4.对由until引起的短语或从句强调，要注意否定前移，例如：

I didn learn it until yesterday.

直到昨天我才知道这件事。

写成强调句型应该是：

It was not until yesterday that I learned it.

四、有时可用it might be --that--. It must have been-- that--句型表示强调，

如：

It might be his father that you are thinking of.

你关心的可能是他父亲。

It must have been in the troublesome country that you met him.

你一定是在战乱纷纷的国家遇见了他。

五、其它形式的强调句型

A. Wh-type句型的强调

除了我们学过的it-type强调句型， 在中学英语课本中还多次出现"What…be…"结构的句型（简称wh-type强调句），它同样具有很浓的强调意 味，例如：

What we need is more time.

我们需要更多的时间。

我们可以用对待It-type强调句的方法，把"What--be--"作为一个框架而划去，所剩的也是一个完整的句子 ：We need more time. 不同的是，what和be在句子中都可以担任成份。上面这个句子可以看成是What引导一个主语从句，而be则 是系动词，后接表语。 Wh-type强调句可用来强调主语、宾语、表语，例如：

But what surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.

然而，最使我奇怪的是看到村子里的一些人坐在教室后头的长凳上。

But what he was really interested in was beautiful paintings.

但是他真正感兴趣的是美丽的画。

What I feel is hungry.

我所感到的就是饿。

wh-type强调句还可以通过使用代动词do来强调句中的谓语动词或作宾语补足语的非谓语动词，例如：

What I did was (to) turn off the tap.

我所做的就是把水龙头关了。

What I want you to do is (to) clean the room.

我要你做的就是打扫房间。

注意，这一句型中be后面作表语的不定式可以省略to，如果所强调的动词是进行体，那么be之后用-ing形 式和它相配，例如：

What I doing is teaching him a lesson.

我现在这样做是为了给他一次教训。

Wh-type强调句中的what从句，间或也作表语，例如：

This was what they had posted on the bulletin board then!

原来贴在布告牌上的就是这么回事！

This was what the black smith was reading!

铁匠在看的原来就是这个！

Wh-type强调句的wh-从句，有时可能是以who, where或when引起的，它们通常只用作表语，例如：

The headmaster was who I meant.

我指的就是校长。

Here is where the accident took place.

这儿就是事故发生的地方。

(On)Saturday is when the housewives are busiest.

星期六是家庭主妇们最忙的日子。

B. 谓语动词的强调

以上两种句型不能强调谓语动词， 如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do did或does。如：Do come this evening.

He did write to you last week.

To does study hard now.