浅谈it的用法

时间:2022-09-22 02:13:36

摘 要:it用来指人以外的生物,汉语意思为“它”,各种用法在高中阶段频繁的使用,用法及其句型和固定搭配,是英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年考试的热点,在近几年高考中越来越被青睐,因此在复习中应给予足够的重视。现将it用法归纳如下:

关键词:it;形式主语;常见句型;固定搭配

中图分类号:G630 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-2851(2013)-11-0192-01

一、指代物

it可替代动植物与无生命的东西,它与one的区别在于one= a/an+none;it=the+n。

eg.1.---Where is my pencil case?---Isn’t it in your backpack?

试比较:eg1.I have no dictionary,so I want to buy one.(one=a dictionary)

二、指代人

it可指代一个未亲眼看到的、不明身份性别的、或婴儿、儿童,照片中的人物等。

eg.---Who is there waving to you?---It’s my friend Tom.

注意:若身份已确定则要用人称代词。eg.There is a lady at the door.She wants to see you.

注意:向别人介绍某人时用this。eg.This is my friend, Jim.

三、指代前述内容,或者是文中的内容

eg. Beauty is everywhere. It makes us happy.

四、指时间

eg.――What time is it by your watch?――It’s ten minutes past two.

五、指天气等自然现象

eg. It’s very cold in winter in Haerbin.

六、指距离、速度、金钱、度量

eg. It’s just two stops to the park. 到公园只有两站路。

七、指环境情况

eg. It’s very quiet in the forest.

八、替代this或that

eg.――What’s this/that? ――It’s my pencil sharpener.

九.It用作形式主语

It作形式主语的常见句型1. 代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为(1)It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. Eg.It is illegal(for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.

2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型(1)It is + noun +从句(2).It is adj. +clause

It’s surprising that…(should)………竟然……It’s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…

(3)It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause

It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/ bother/concern/frighten/sb. that…

十、It作形式宾语

用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It 作形式宾语的常见句型:

1.verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)

十一、强调句型

It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。

在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点:

1.请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句

Eg.When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity.

2.在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由because所引导的从句。

Eg.It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school yesterday.

3.在强调not … until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上。

Eg.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realize she was my brother.

4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别。

Eg.It was at 7o’clock that he came here yesterday.(强调句型)

It was 7o’clock that he came here yesterday.(定语从句)

十二、It常用的固定搭配

1.make it在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达

Eg.1.you will make it if you try.

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