对农村小型水利设施建设管理的思考

摘要：加大对农村小型水利设施的建设投入是当前党和国家加大农业基础设施建设，增强农业生产发展后劲，以期从根本上解决“三农”问题的重要内容与主要措施。毋庸置疑，这项决策是科学的，是符合现阶段农业生产、农村民生的现实迫切需要的，是提高民众生活质量水平，促进农村社会经济发展的必然要求。但是，在国家逐渐投入大量资金，群众花费大量财力人力之后，我们的农业水利基础设施就会真的能全面发挥其基础地位，进而保障和促进农业农村的快速发展吗？社会经济发展的短板真的就能补上吗？本人凭着二十多年来对基层水利工作的了解，结合柱山乡的实际情况反复思考，得出的答案并非完全肯定。其间，对于基层能否将国家这一利国利民、战略性极强的政策完全彻底地予以贯彻实施，最终实现国家社会经济综合目标甚是担忧，现不妨直抒己见，以期能同时引起柱山乡以外基层政府与相关部门的关注，以因地制宜为原则搞好规划，以科学管理促进小型水利事业乃至于农业农村的发展，让党和政府的这一民生政策落到实处、发挥实效，广大农村民众能真正享受这一民生成果。

关键词：小型水利；因地制宜；科学管理。

Abstract: to increase rural water conservancy facilities construction of small investment is the party and the country increase agricultural infrastructure construction, strengthen the agricultural production development in the future, in order to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" the important content and the main measures. Without a doubt, the decision is science, is in the present agricultural production, the reality of the rural people's livelihood desperately needed, is to improve the quality of public life level, promote the social and economic development. But, in national gradually invest a lot of money, people spend a lot of money after human, our agricultural water conservancy infrastructure will really can play its full foundation status, and then ensure and promote the rapid development of agriculture and country? The development of social economy short board really can make up? I with more than 20 years of the basic level to the understanding of the water conservancy work, combined with the practical situation of the rural column think over and over again, that the answer is not completely sure. Meanwhile, for the country the can, strategic benefits the country and the strong policy totally be implemented, and eventual achievement of national social economic comprehensive goal is what worries, now might as well say what your opinion, in order to can also cause column outside the government and related basic rural department attention to adjust measures to local conditions for the principle does well the planning, scientific management to promote small water resources projects or even the agricultural development of countryside, let the party and the government of the people's livelihood policy into effect, play the actual effect, the vast rural people can really enjoy the results of people's livelihood.

Keywords: small water conservancy; Adjust measures to local conditions; Scientific management.

中图分类号：TV 文献标识码：A 文章编号：

柱山乡距万州主城区24公里，辖1个社区居委会和9个行政村（居）民委员会，共有18007人；幅员面积54平方公里, 耕地面积14000亩；全乡林地面积26276亩（不含退耕还林地），占幅员面积的69%；人均纯收入3823元，重庆市级贫困乡。境内海拔在415米至918米之间，属典型的高山重丘地形地貌，由于受自然条件的限制，70%以上为断头山，人均可利用蓄水仅35立方米，农田水利基础设施脆弱，抗御自然灾害能力差，严重制约了全乡社会经济发展。

全乡现有三坪塘677口、设计蓄水库容17.5万立方米，山湾塘3口、设计蓄水库容3.5万立方米，微型蓄水池323口，蓄水2.1万立方米，引水渠道37.5公里。近几年以来，在区水利局和上级有关部门的大力支持下，完成山坪塘整治52口，引水渠2.2公里，分别占总数的7.68%、12.6%,总投资近110万元，但目前已正式投入运行且全面发挥效益的仅为山坪塘31口、引水渠1.2公里，占全乡工程总数的4.6%、3.2%，占已整治工程的59.6%、54.5%。从中可以看出，需要整治的工程较多，同时整治后充分发挥效益的较少。

1 主要存在的问题：

目前全乡小型水利设施存在的问题主要表现在以下几个方面：

（1）农村小型水利设施破坏损毁严重，多数基本功能丧失，严重阻碍了农业农村的发展进步。从前面的数据看到，全乡可以利用和发挥作用的水利工程数量不多。然而，近年来随着城乡一体化进程的步伐加快，城市资本的大量下乡，要求和促进了农业产业规模化的发展，对农村小型水利设施的数量与质量提出了新的与更高的要求，投资兴业首选水源已成了投资人的共识与常识。实践表明，水源特别是灵活便利的小型水利设施的配套与完善已经迫在眉睫。