浅谈enough的使用

enough在初中英语教学中既是重点又是难点，词性多，用法复杂。下面就enough的使用做个小结。

1．作形容词。修饰名词，置名次前后皆可，名词前强调enough，enough意义较强；名词后，强调名词，enough意义较弱。I have enough knowledge.强调knowledge的数量；而I have knowledge enough.强调knowledge，在具体的语言实践中，enough置名词前后无大区别，但enough置名词前较常见。

2．作名词。常作不可数名词：Enough has been said about the importance of honesty and belief.

3．作副词。

3．1修饰行为动词：Tom has played enough, so he isn’t interested in his subjects.

3．2修饰形容词或副词：Enough必须放在该词的后面，其后往往有to do sth.，初中生应认真领会和掌握enough to do sth的使用，尤其是与其他句型之间的转换，具体情况如下：

3．2．1肯定：

①sb+谓语动词+形容词（副词）enough+to do sth简单句与so…that主从复合句之间的转换。

He was old enough to take care of himself.

=He was so old that he could take care of himself.

②sth.+谓语动词+形容词（副词）enough for sb. to do sth与so…that之间的转换。

The box is light enough for the boy to carry.

=The box is so light that the boy can carry it.

对于enough to do sth.简单句第二种情况应注意：主语sth同时也是不定式的逻辑宾语，应省略与主语相对应的代词it, him, her或them，而转化为so…that复合句时，that从句的谓语动词应补上相应的宾语it, him, her或them，同时把不定式的逻辑主语改为that从句的主语。如上例，在简单句中carry后省去it，转化为复合句时应加上it，同时把to carry的逻辑主语the boy改为that从句的主语。

3．2．2否定：

①sb+谓语动词的否定形式+形容词（副词）+enough +to do sth简单句与too…to简单句或so…that复合句之间的转化。

The little boy isn’t tall enough to reach the top.

=The little boy is too short to reach the top.

=The little boy isn’t so tall that he can’t reach the top.

把enough…to简单句转化为too…to简单句时，too后的形容词（副词）应是enough前形容词（副词）的反义词，如tall变为short；转变为so…that复合句时，因not也否定enough后的不定式，that从句应根据时态变化改为相应的否定形式，如上述…that he can’t reach the top。

②sth+谓语动词的否定形式+形容词（副词）enough+for sb. to do sth与too…too简单句或so…that复合句的转换。

The dog didn’t run slowly enough for me to keep up with.

=The dog ran too quickly for me to keep up with.

=The dog ran so quickly that I couldn’t keep up with it.

除了注意too后面的形容词（副词）用enough前形容词（副词）的反义词，that从句用否定外（slowly改为quickly，that从句用couldn’t），还应注意主语sth同时也是不定式的逻辑宾语，不定式后应省略与主语相对应的代词it, him, her或them；改为so…that复合句时，that从句中的谓语动词应补上相应的宾语it, him, her或them，同时把不定式的逻辑主语改为that从句的主语。如上例，两简单句不定式to keep up with后无需it，而在复合句后务必加上it，同时把to keep up with的逻辑主语me改为that从句的主语。