谈初中“反意疑问句”

英语中，反意疑问句是一种常用于口语的疑问句式。反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是，“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”。

陈述句变反意疑问句步骤如下:①确定助动词。②确定肯定还是否定。③确定人称代词的主格。注意前后时态，人称的一致性。例如:

Jim went go the Great Wall yesterday.

①确定助动词为did ②确定肯定还是否定:前肯后否not ③确定人称代词的主格:Jim is a boy ,l因此主格为he

Jim went go the Great Wall yesterday, didn’t he?

下面谈一谈反意疑问句的特殊情况:

（1）陈述部分是“there be”结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn’t there?

There will be any trouble, won’t there?

（2）陈述部分的主语是I am，疑问部分要用 aren’t I.

I’m a student，aren’t I?

（3）陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

There is little water in the glass, is there?

（4）陈述部分有must?的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He must be at home, isn’t he?

He must have finished it yesterday, didn’t he?

（5）主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose,imagine等引导的宾语从句，陈述部分含I think （believe，suppose…）that…结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。如：

I don’t think you are wrong， are you？

I don’t think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can’t she?

（6）陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，反意疑问句的主语要用复数代词they,有时也用单数he。

Everyoneknows the answer, don’t they? (doesn’t he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

（7）陈述部分主语是指物的不定代词everything, anything , something, nothing 等,以及主语是this,that时，疑问部分的主语用it，陈述部分的主语是these, those时, 疑问部分主语常用复数they.

Everything is ready for the meeting , isn’t it ?

Those are apples ,aren’t they ?

（8）省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you.

Don’t do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you/won’t you?

注意： Let’s开头的祈使句，后用shall we?

Let us开头的祈使句，后用will you?

Let’s go and listen to the music, shall we?

Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you?

（9）否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn’t it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

（10）陈述部分有would rather+v.，疑问部分多用wouldn’t+主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn’t he?

（11)陈述部分有had better+v.疑问句部分用hadn’t you?

You’d better read it by yourself, hadn’tyou?

（12)陈述部分有have to+v. (had to+v.)，疑问部分常用don’t+主语（didn’t+主语）

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don’t we?

快速记忆表

陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分

I------------- aren’tI

no, nothing, nobody, never ,

few, seldom, hardly, rarely,----- 肯定含义

little等否定含义的词

have to +v.(had to +v.)------- don’t+主语(didn’t+主语)

had better+v.--------------- hadn’tyou

would rather+v.------------ wouldn’t+主语

指示代词或不定代词

everything, that ,----------- 主语用it

nothing,this think, believe, expect , suppose, imagine等引导------与宾语从句相对应的从句everybody, anyone ,somebody, nobody ,no one -----复数they,单数he

省去主语的祈使句----------- will you？

Let’s开头的祈使句--------Shall we?

Let us 开头的祈使句-------- Will you?

There be----------- 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）

否定前缀不能视为否定词------仍用否定形式

must表推测--------------根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句