时间:2022-10-30 05:45:59
关键字:提纲商业计划世行国际金融机构business
世行与亚行国际金融机构商业计划提纲[businessplanoutline]
1.executivesummary.
a2-3pageoverviewofthebusinessplan.thisistypicallythefirstthingthatventurecapitaliststurnto(thesecondisthesectiononthemanagementteam).theexecutivesummaryshouldoutlinewhatthecompanyhasdonesofarandwhatitplanstodointhefuture,andexplainwhythisisimportantorvaluable.
areastocoverarewhattheproductorserviceis,whyitisindemand,whowillpaymoneyforitandhowmuch,andhowlargethemarketis.additionallyitisimportanttonotetheprogressthecompanyhasmadeinproductdevelopmentandintermsofrevenuesandotherfinancialmeasures,theexperienceandbackgroundofthemanagementteam,thefinancingdesiredandtheusesplannedforit,andofcoursehowtocontactthecompany.
2.industry&marketanalysis.
thissectionshouldexplainthebasisfortheneedforthecompany‘sproductorservice,howurgenttheneedis,andhowlargetheneedis.
questionsoftencoveredare:istheindustryneworwell-established?istheneedwellrecognizedorstillundiscovered?whoarecustomers:consumers,thegovernment,orbusinesses?whoarethecompetitors,whataretheirabilitiesandweaknesses,whyhavetheysucceededorfailed,whatistheirmarketshare,etc?wherewillcompetitorsbein18monthsintermsofmarketpositionandproductcapability?
hereacompetitivematrixcanbeuseful:comparingyourselftocompetitorsintermsoffinancialperformance&resources,targetmarkets,productfunctionality,productpricing,areasofstrengthandweaknesses,keycustomers,andthelike.
3.targetmarket.
whatisyourtargetmarketandwhy?whatareitsdynamics,size,locale,etc?isitstableorevolvingrapidly?whomakesthepurchasingdecisionsandhowlongisthetypicalsalescycle?howmuchofthemarketcanyouexpecttogainwiththeresourcesthatyouplantohave?whatisthecompetitivepricingsituation?whatareindustrygrossmargins?whatbarrierstoentryfaceplayersintheindustryandwhatregulatoryissuesmustbehandled?(ifthiscompanyisinaregulatedindustrysuchasmedicalortelecommunications,theregulatorysectionmayneedtobeseparate.)areanycustomerscritical,ordoanyaccountforadisproportionateshareofyourcurrentorforecastedrevenues?
4.thecompany&management.
thissectionshouldofferabriefhistoryofthecompany,explainwhatbusinessthecompanyplanstobein,whatthecompanydoesparticularlywell,andwhoitisthatisdoingso-i.e.,themanagement,board,andownershipteam.
themanagementteamorganization,summariesofeachofkeymanagementteamresumes(withcompleteresumesprovidedintheappendix),holesintheteamthatyouplantofill,allareplacedhere.additionally,informationontheboardofdirectorsisalsouseful.anownershiptableshowingallshareholders,thenumberandtypeofshares,theirpercentofownership,andtheoptionsgrantedandavailableisanotherimportantpartofthissection.alsonotehowthecompanyisorganized,asanllc,sub-s,ccorporation,etc.
5.product/servicesoffered.
thisiswhereyouexplainwhatyouaresellingorplanningtosell.doyouhaveanyunfairadvantagessuchaspatents,copyrights,andthelike?whyshouldcustomerschooseyouoverthecompetition,andhavetheysofar?howlongshouldthisadvantagelastifyoudonothingmore?whatwillyouneedtodotocreate,maintain,orexpandupontheadvantages(r&d,salesteamdevelopment,customerpartnerships,lawsuits,etc)?whatisthecurrentr&deffortandwhatareitsgoalsandmilestones?whatr&deffortsareunderwayatcompetitors.
6.marketing&salesplan.
thissectionexplainshowyouplantoreachyourtargetcustomers.
howwillyouacquirecustomers,andhowmuchwillthatcost?whatdistributionchannelsdoyouplantouse,andwhatmethodsofmarketingcommunicationmakesense?willyoubuild
aninternalsalesforce,useindependentreps,usetelemarketing,etc.,andhowwillyoucompensateeach.whatisyourrevenueandunitbreak-even,andhowdoesthattietoyoursalesstrategy?
7.manufacturing/operations/logistics.
thissectionshouldcoverhowyoudesign,develop,manufacturetheproductorprovidetheservice(s).
isthishandledinternallyorbysubcontractors?whoarekeysubcontractorsandwhatistheirexpertiseandbackground?howproprietaryisthedesignandmanufacturingcomponent?isiso9000/9001/gmpimportanttoyourorganization,andifso,howdoyoumanagetheprocess?ismanufacturingcapital-intensiveorpeople-intensive?whatiscapacityutilizationonaverageandatpeak?whateconomiesofscalearepossible?doyouhavecriticalsuppliers?
8.financialdata.
youshouldprovidehistoricalfinancialdatasuchasincomestatements,balancesheetsandcashflowstatementsforthepast3-5yearsifavailable,andnotewhethertheresultswereaudited,reviewedbyanoutsideaccountant,orcompiled.additionally,year-to-dateresultsshouldalsobeprovided.alsoyoushouldexplainsignificantitemsintheresults,andanalyzethetrendsandkeyratios.
theothermajorcomponentofthefinancialsectionistheforecast.hereyoushouldprojectthenext3-5years(includingthecurrentyear)ofperformancefortheincomestatement,balancesheet,cashflowstatement,andifappropriate,providedetailoncapitalexpenditures.theprojectionsshouldbedoneonbothanannualaswellaseitherquarterlyormonthlybasis,sincecashneedsduringtheyearcanoftenfarexceedcashneedsattheendofayear.
themajorassumptionsbehindyourprojectionsshouldbeexplained.changesinkeyratiosfromhistoricalresultsshouldalsobeexplained.oftenitishelpfultoshowsomesensitivityanalysis-theeffectofchangesinkeyvariablessuchasgrowth,grossmargins,salescycle,andthelikeontheincomestatementandcashposition.(additionallyitisusefultoprovidecompensationhistoryandprojectionsoneachmemberofthemanagementteam.)
9.appendices.
hereyoushouldincluderesumesofthekeymanagementmembers,anyproductliteratureorbrochures,analysesofthemarketorindustry,orrelevantarticlesthatwouldhelpanoutsiderunderstandthesignificanceofyourcompanyandtheneedthatyouaremeeting.