简析初中英语句子中的常用常见定语

在日常英语学习中，英语句子是英语单词、短语、句型等集中构建的完美体现，是构成英语语篇的重要环节。而掌握好英语句子中的句子成分，以及句子成分之间的衔接和搭配，是我们选择单词、筛查短语、组建句子、完善语篇的关键。鉴于此，笔者谨以初中英语句子中的常用常见定语为契机，作简要交流。

我们所使用的初中英语句子中的常用常见定语，简要概括起来，主要有以下几类可供我们参考：

1名词作定语

名词作定语时，不论怎样分类，通常都位于所修饰词的前面或后面，作前置定语或后置定语，而且以独立形式和所有格形式最为常见。

“In some science fiction movies, people in the future have their own robots.” (该句中，名词science 和 fiction作前置定语修饰movies)

Could you do well in the football game tomorrow? (该句中，名词tomorrow作后置定语修饰game)

“We often just drop by our friend’s homes. We don’t usually have to make plans to meet our friends.”(该句中，名词所有格friend’s 作前置定语修饰 homes)

2代词作定语

代词作定语时，以物主代词（形容词性物主代词）、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词最为常见。

She didn’t finish her homework because she had a bad cold. (该句中，形容词性物主代词her作定语修饰homework)

They usually learn each other’s strong points at school. (该句中，相互代词的所有格each other’s 作定语修饰points)

These days they’re becoming more friendly. (该句中，指示代词These作定语修饰days)

Whose story book is this? (该句中，疑问代词Whose作定语修饰story)

This is a book that she has just bought. (该句中，关系代词that引导的定语从句作定语修饰book)

All students in our class are ready for the math test. (该句中，不定代词All作定语修饰students)

3形容词作定语

形容词作定语时，通常作为前置定语或后置定语，并且以独立形式和复合形式较为常见。

“This much-loved and active sport is enjoyed by many, for fun and exercise.” (该句中，独立形式的形容词active和复合形式的形容词much-loved共同作sport的定语)

Maybe there is something wrong with him. (该句中，形容词wrong后置修饰不定代词something)

He was the boy awake all the night. （该句中，形容词awake后置修饰名词boy)

This is a word easy to write.（该句中，形容词短语easy to write后置修饰名词word）

What else do you want to say? ( 该句中, else后置修饰疑问代词what)

4非谓语动词作定语

非谓语动词作定语时，通常前置或后置，以动名词、动词不定式、分词这三种形式较为常见。

“My eating habits are pretty good.” (该句中，动名词eating修饰名词habits)

“What a funny time to eat breakfast?” (该句中,动词不定式to eat breakfast 修饰名词time)

There is a sleeping child in the room. (该句中，现在分词sleeping 修饰名词child)

She love picking up the fallen leaves. (该句中，过去分词fallen修饰名词leaves)

5定语从句作定语

定语从句作定语时，常用关系代词和关系副词引导，位于所修饰的名词、代词或句子之后，作后置定语，相当于形容词的作用和功能。

We drink some water which comes from the village well. (该句中，定语从句“which comes from the village well”修饰表事物在从句中作主语的名词water)

Please come to school where you can learn well. (该句中，“where you can learn well”修饰表地点在从句中作状语的名词school)

6数词作定语

数词作定语时，常以基数词和序数词为常见形式。

“One thing that is not expensive in France, however, is the wine!”(该句中，基数词one修饰名词thing)

She is the first one to leave. （该句中，序数词first修饰代词one）

7副词作定语

在副词的常规使用中，副词很少作定语，副词作定语时，通常，表示地点、位置的副词作定语。

The students there are very honest and hard-working. (该句中，副词there修饰名词students)

All the photos here are your sister’s. (该句中，副词here修饰名词photos)

8介词短语作定语

介词短语作定语时，常以介宾短语作定语最为常见。

“For many Chinese tourists, this small island in southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday.” (该句中，介宾短语in southeast Asia作island的后置定语)

以上即为初中英语句子中的常用常见定语，可以帮助我们掌握好英语句子中的句子成分，以及句子成分之间的衔接和搭配，可以帮助我们选择单词、筛查短语、组建句子、完善语篇，有助于我们提高运用语言的综合能力和听、说、读、写方面的整体素养。