倒装(Inversion)

有时为了强调某一部分，或适应一定的语法结构的需要，而把谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面，这种情况叫“倒装”（Inversion）。分为全部倒装与部分倒装。

1全部倒装

1. 在there（appear to/happen to/seem to/used to/will）be /exist/lie/live/remain/come 结构中There exist many ancient temples. /There remains a more difficult task.

2. （1）在以 here， there， now， then， out， in， up， down， away等副词开头的名子里There goes the bell. /Out rushed the children.

但主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变 Here it is.

（2）为了保持句子的平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，将其置于句首，主谓完全倒装In a big bed of a big room lies a big man. / Present at the meeting were CEOs.

3.表示祝愿的句子 Long live our great country

4.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，主语为名词时全部倒装（主语是代词时可倒可不倒）“ Let’s go” he said/said he. / said the man.

2部分倒装

1. 在疑问句中 Is she a student？ / What does your mother do？

若特殊疑问句的疑问词做主语或修饰主语时，仍用陈述语序

Who is on duty today？ / Which dictionary is yours？

2. only+状语位于句首时 Only in this way can you solve this problem.

only 修理饰主语位于名首时不倒装 Only socialism can save China.

3. 含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词位于句首时

not， never， hardly， barely， seldom， little， few， nowhere， no， rarely， not only…but （also）， not until， hardly/ scarcely… when， no sooner… than， at no time， by no means， in no way， By no means can he catch up in such a short time.

4. so/such… that.. 句式中，so/such…位于句首时，主句倒装

So angry was he that he couldn’t speak. / Such a good boy is he that we all like him.

5. ①前提为肯定情况 ……也 So+ be/助动/情动+主语

He likes volleyball very much. So do I.

②前提为否定情况…也不 Neither/Nor+ be/助动/情动+主语

I have never been abroad. Neither has he.

6. as/though引导的让步状语从句， 结构：adj./adv. /n./v原+ as+主语+ 其他

Child as he is， he knows a lot. / Oldest as he is， he doesn’t do well in studies.

注意：名词和形容词前，零冠词.

7. 省略if的虚拟条件句中 助词should/ were/had 位于句首时

Were I you， I would work hard. / Should it rain tomorrow， we would put off our meeting.