时间:2022-05-22 07:37:59
英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前叫全部倒装,如果只把be 动词或情态动词或助动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。
一、全部倒装
1. 用于there be句型。除be以外,能与 there 连用的动词还有 seem, exist, happen, appear, live ,stand 等。注意谓语动词的单复数取决于真正的主语。如:
There are many students in the classroom.
Once there lived a king who was cruel to his people.
2. 用于“here (there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away)+不及物动词+主语的句型中,表示强调.
Now comes our turn.
Out went the children.
连线考题:John opened the door. There _____ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood
C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
解析:D 注意这是全部倒装
注意:代词做主语时, 主谓语序不变.
In he comes.
Here you are.
3. 当句首状语是表示地点或方位的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。
From the valley came a frightening sound.
连线考题:At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.
A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies
C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie
答案:A
4. 表语置于句首时, 倒装结构采用“表语(形容词 /过去分词 /介词短语+系动词be+主语”的结构
Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.
二、部分倒装
1. only 位于句首+状语 / 状语从句+部分倒装(注意状语从句不倒装)
Only in this way can you learn English well.
连线考题:Only when _________ how important it is to master English.
A. did I work I realized B. I worked did I realize
C. did I work did I realize D. I worked I realized
解析: when I worked 为状语从句,不倒装。故答案B.
2. not until 放在句首 + 状语 / 状语从句 + 部分倒装 (注意状语从句不倒装)
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
3. 在 so / such…that…的结构中,若so / such 置于句首,则so后的句子部分倒装,但要注意that后的从句不倒装。
So difficult a problem is it that I can’t work it out.
Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.
切记:1. 2. 3.中不直接加部分倒装
4. 用于no sooner… than…, hardly… when… 和scarcely...when…的句型中。
句型: No sooner had sb. done sth. than sb. did sth. Hardly / Scarcely had sb. done sth. when sb. did sth.
Hardly had she gone out when the class began.
连线考题:No sooner ____ his talk than he ___ by the workers.
A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround
C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded
解析:C 注意no sooner和than 后的时态,,且no sooner放在句首加部分倒装,但是than后的句子不倒装。
5. 用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定词开头的句子里。