精选情态动词考点

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，和实义动词的原形连用共同构成谓语动词，属于高考疑难点之一。本文将结合考题，对情态动词的经典考点加以解析并辅以配套的练习，希望对同学们掌握情态动词的用法有所帮助。

1. ―― Why didn ’t you come to Simon’s party last night？

―― I want to， but my mom simply _______ not let me out so late at night.

A. could B. might

C. would D. Should

解析：考查情态动词表意愿，用will/ would。此处句意为“我想去，但我妈妈只是不愿意让我晚上这么迟外出”，故选C。

2.The door _______ open， no matter how hard she pushed.

A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t

C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t

解析：考查情态动词表示事物固有的属性，用情态动词will/ would。此处描述主语the door的特点“老是打不开”，是其固有的特性，故选C。

3. ――Write to me when you get home.

――_______.

A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can

解析：考查情态动词will表示“一定，决心做某事”。句意为“――你到家了就给我写信。――我一定会的”，选C。

4. One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school.

A. might B. could

C. shall D. Will

解析：考查情态动词表示法律法规或规章制度，用shall。此处句意为“学校的制度之一是学生在校期间要穿校服”，表示学校的规章制度，选C。

5. ――Will you read me a story， Mummy？

――OK.You _______ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.

A. might B. must C. could D. shall

解析：考查情态动词shall用于第二、第三人称陈述句，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。此处句意为“如果你能尽快上床睡觉的话，就可以听一个故事”，表允诺，故选D。Shall也用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：When shall he be able to leave the hospital？他何时能离开医院？

6. They _______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

A. may B. can C. must D. should

解析：考查情态动词加have done表示责备语气。此处句意为“他们本该在午饭时间到达，但是他们的航班延误了”，表示“本该做而没有做的事情”，用should/ ought to have done，故选D。表示责备语气，常用四个句型：should/ ought to have done（过去本应该做了某事），should not/ ought not to have done（过去本不该做了某事），needn’t have done （过去本不必做某事），could/ might have done（过去本可以做某事）。

7. What do you mean，there are only ten tickets There _______ be twelve.

A. should B. would C. will D. shall

解析：A。考查情态动词表示推测，用should表示根据事实或常理作出的较有把握的推测，常译为“理应，按理应该”。此句表示“按理应该有12张”，用should。

8. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _______ be so rude to a lady.

A. might B. need

C. should D. would

解析：本题考查的是should 表惊讶、惊奇，或出人意料这一特定语气，常用于it is a pity that/ it is strange that等句型中。should 译为“竟然”。句意为“你难以想象这么一位彬彬有礼的绅士竟然对这么一位女士那么粗鲁”，选C。

9. _______ fired， your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.

A. Would you be B. Should you be

C. Could you be D. Might you be

解析：考查should构成的倒装句。在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果从句中有were， should， had可以把这些词放在主语前面构成倒装，而将if省去。Should可表示惊讶的语气，意为“万一”。句意为“万一你被解雇，你的医疗救助和其他方面的福利也不会立即取消”，选B。

10. I _______ use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house.

A. couldn’t B. mustn’t

C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

解析：考查情态动词need。用作情态动词时，need无人称和数的变化，常用于否定句、疑问句；need开头的疑问句，肯定回答时用must，而must开头的疑问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。此句意为“我不必用闹钟来叫醒我，因为每天早晨六点钟火车就从我家旁边经过”，表示“不必”用needn’t，故选D。

11. We _______ have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.

A. may not B. needn’t C. can’t D. mustn’t

解析：考查情态动词加have done表示责备语气。此处句意为“我们本不必买这么多食物，既然Suzie不来和我们一起吃晚饭的话”，表示“本不必做某事”，用needn’t have done，故选B。

12. ――You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain.

――Well， I don’t know. It _______ do.

A.might B. need C. would D. should

解析：考查情态动词表示可能性。表示可能性，may/might可用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句，意为“可能”，may/might not表示“可能不”，may/ might have done表示“过去可能做了某事”。本句第一个人说不会下雨，第二人回答I don’t know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推测“有可能”，选A。

13. ――I left my handbag on the train， but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

――How unbelievable to get it back！ I mean， someone _______ it.

A. will have stolen B. might have stolen

C. should have stolen D. must have stolen

解析：考查情态动词加have done。此句表示“有人本可能偷走它”，故用might have done“过去本来可能做了某事”，选C。

14. Liza _______ well not want to go on the trip―she hates traveling.

A. will B. can C. must D. may

解析： 考查情态动词表推测。表示猜测时，will和can不能与well连用，must只能用于肯定句中。May/ might well很可能，极有可能。句意为“Liza极有可能不想去旅行――她讨厌旅行”， 选D。另外，may/ might as well表示“最好，不妨做某事”，如I might as well telephone her to come over.我最好还是给她打电话让她过来。

15. If you _______ smoke， please go outside.

A. can B. should C. must D. may

解析：考查情态动词表示不耐烦的情绪，用must，可译为“非要，偏要”。句意为“如果你非要抽烟的话，请到外面去”，选C。

16. ――Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now？

――I am afraid you _______， in case he comes late for the meeting .

A. will B. must C. may D. can

解析：考查情态动词表示必要性，用must/ should/ ought to/ have to等。句意为“――我要立刻通知他时间表的变化情况吗？――我想你必须的，万一他开会来迟了呢”，选B。

17. Since nobody gave him any help， he _______ have done the research on his own.

A. can B. must C. would D. need

解析：考查情态动词表示推测。根据句意“由于没人帮他，因此他一定是一个人做的那个调查”，表肯定推测用must，must have done表示“过去一定做了某事”，故选B。

18.――May I take this book out of the reading room？

――No， you _______. You read it here.

A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t

解析：英语中用could， might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might；否定应答时要用can’t/ mustn’t（绝不能），故本题选D。

19. I _______ myself more―it was a perfect day.

A. shouldn’t have enjoyed

B. needn’t have enjoyed

C. wouldn’t have enjoyed

D. couldn’t have enjoyed

解析：考查情态动词表推测，can’t/ couldn’t表“不可能”，与比较级搭配表达最高级的意义。can’t/ couldn’t have done表示“过去不可能做了某事”。句意为“我不可能玩的比这更高兴了，今天玩的真好”，答案为D。

20. We _______ the difficulty together， but why didn’t you tell me？

A. should face

B. might face

C. could have faced

D. must have faced

解析：考查情态动词加have done表示责备语气，为高考热点之一。表示责备语气，常用四个句型：should/ ought to have done（过去本应该做了某事），should not/ ought not to have done（过去本不该做了某事），needn’t have done （过去本不必做某事），could/ might have done（过去本可以做某事）。此处句意为“我们本来可以共同面对困难的，你为什么不告诉我呢？”，表示“过去本可以或本能够做某事”，用could/ might have done，选C。

21. I _______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.

A. won’t B. can’t C. can D. will

解析：考查固定句型：can’t/ couldn’t... too加形容词或副词的原级表示最高级的含义。常用的表达方式还有：can’t/ couldn’t... enough...，can’t/ couldn’t...比较级……，can’t/ couldn’t... so/ such …（as）等。如：I couldn’t agree more.（我非常赞同）。此句表示“当我们不在的时候，你对我儿子的帮助让我怎么感谢你都不为过”，选B。

22. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _______ be very slow.

A. should B. must C. will D. can

解析：D。本题考查的是can表推测的用法。can一般不用于肯定句中表推测，但有时也可用于肯定句，表示的是一时的推测，意为“有时也可能”。句意为：万维网有时被打趣地叫成“长等网”，因为网速有时会很慢。

23. When I was a child， I _______ watch TV whenever I wanted to.

A. should B. could C. must D. need

解析：考查情态动词表能力，用could表示过去的能力。句意为“当我还是孩童的时候，每当我想看电视的时候都能够看”，表示“过去能够”，选B。

24. I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _______ find the money.

A. can B. might C. would D. need

解析：考查情态动词can表示现在的能力。句意为“如果我能凑够钱的话，我就和约翰一起去欧洲度假”，选A。

25. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _______ get out.

A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to

解析：考查could和was/ were able to的区别，二者都可表示过去的能力，但如果表示过去成功地做了某事只能使用was/ were able to，选D。

精选练习：

1. I didn’t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.

A. must be

B. must have been

C. should be

D. should have been

2. He _______ you more help， even though he was very busy.

A. might have given B. might have

C. may have given D. may give

3. A computer _______ think for itself， it must be told what to do.

A. can’t B. couldn’t

C. may not D. might not

4. Jenny _______ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.

A. must B. should C. need D. would

5. ――_______ you interrupt now？ Can’t you see I’m on the phone？

――Sorry Sir， but it’s urgent.

A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would

6. ――Could I borrow your dictionary？

――Yes， of course you _______.

A. might B. will C. can D. should

7. Jack described his father， who _______ a brave boy many years ago， as a strong-willed man.

A. would be

B. would have been

C. must be

D. must have been

8. Peter _______ come with us tonight， but he isn’t very sure yet.

A. must B. may C. can D. will

9. _______ he come， the problem would be settled.

A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If

10. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment.

A. must B. need C. should D. can

11. ――There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.

――It _______ a comfortable journey.

A. can’t be

B. shouldn’t be

C. mustn’t have been

D. couldn’t have been

12. Johnny， you ______ play with the knife， you _______ hurt yourself.

A. won’t； can’t

B. mustn’t； may

C. shouldn’t； must

D. can’t； shouldn’t

13. ――Are you coming to Jeff’s party？

――I’m not sure. I _______ go to the concert instead.

A. must B. would C. should D. might

14. Her appearance changed so much that you _______ well not recognise her.

A. will B. can C. need D. may

15. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______ too much at the party last night.

A. could drink

B. should drink

C. would have drunk

D. must have drunk

16. ――Why are your eyes so red？

――You _______ have slept well last night.

A. can’t B. mustn’t

C. needn’t D. won’t

17. ――How’s your new babysitter？

――We _______ ask for a better one ，All our kids love her so much.

A. should B. might

C. mustn’t D. couldn’t

18. No one _______ be more generous， he has a heart of gold.

A. could B. must C. dare D. need

19. The retired captain _______ sit hours on bank watching ships sailing past.

A. would B. should

C. could D. Might

20. ――Hi， Tom. Any idea where Jane is？

――She _______ in the classroom. I saw her there just now.

A. shall be

B. should have been

C. must be

D. might have been

参考答案：BAABC； CDBBC； DBDDD； ADAAC

（作者单位：甘肃省临泽一中）