话题3 周围的环境(Personal environments)

一、命题预测

考纲中的周围环境是指（1）家园：房屋或套房，如公寓（apartment）、宿舍（dormitory）等，房屋里的房间，如客厅（living room）、卧室（bedroom）、厨房（kitchen）、浴室（bathroom），以及室内的家具；（2）校园：教学楼、教室、操场、图书室、电脑室、实验楼等；（3）家园和校园：杂货店（grocery store）、书店（book shop）、图书馆（library）、博物馆（museum）等。

高考英语全国卷中考查周围的环境话题写作的有：2003年描述一套住房、2006年介绍图书馆、2007年介绍宾馆、2009年介绍前门大街。

2009至2015年高考英语全国卷16篇书面表达中有13篇涉及到“周围的环境”这个话题，并没有专门为写环境而写环境。往往都是两到三个话题的综合写作。对于2016全国卷的书面表达部分，有可能只是涉及，但也不排除话题回归，把这个话题作为一个要点来写。

二、常用短语

1. at a school with a lake in it 在里面有湖的学校

2. gather at the base camp在基地会合

3. on the roof/on the ceiling 在屋顶上/在天花板上

4. on the top of the cupboard在衣柜顶部

5. on the bench/ in the chair在凳子上/在椅子上

6. the lively statues栩栩如生的雕塑

7. on the right of the canteen 在餐厅右边

8. at table/at the table 在吃饭/在桌边

9. lie on one’s back on the bed 仰面躺在床上

10. on TV/ television在电视里

11. on line/on the Internet在网上

12. a sculpture in the wall墙上的雕刻

13. the famous inspiring sayings on the wall墙上的励志名言

14. the fragrant flowers 芬芳的的花朵

15. in/at the corner of the lab在实验室角落

16. in the center of the booming downtown 在繁华商业区的中心

17. in/at the gate of conference hall在会议厅的大门

18. at the shopping mall在购物中心

19. reserve/book a restaurant 预订餐厅

20. be equipped with advanced facilities 设施配备先进

三、套用句式

1. The hotel located in the center of the downtown has easy access to transport facilities. 坐落于市中心的这家酒店交通便捷。

2. Covering an area of 100000 square meters and with a total of 5000 students， our school is large in size， so it is a must for all of us to keep ourselves in order. 我校占地面积十万平米，学生总数5000，规模较大， 因此，我们应该保持良好的秩序。

3. As we all can see， with green trees all around and red flowers in full blossom， our school is a garden rather than a school. 大家都看到，由于到处是绿树红花， 我校与其说是学校不如说是花园。

4. There standing varieties of supermarkets and malls on both sides of the street， it is quite convenient for us to shop here. 由于街道两边矗立着各种超市和购物中心，这里购物非常方便。

5. Whether there is free wifi access is my greatest concern.我最关心是否有免费WIFI。

四、习作修改（做短文改错，背经典范文）

Dear Sarah，

Thank you for your letter ask about the rebuilt Qianmen Street. Here are something I’d like to introduce about it.

Qianmen Street is famous street with a history of over 600 years. More than 300 shops are lining on both sides of this 800-metre street. Locating in the center of Beijing or to the very south of Tian’anmen Square， the street has easy access to transport facilities. It’s very convenient to get to there by bus. You may take bus No.17， 69 or Subway Line 2. Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street. Besides， there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops， but also to theaters and teahouses that you can experience a true traditional Chinese way of life， I’m sure you’ll like it.

Yours，

Li Hua

五、课堂练习

假定你是校学生会主席李华，需对新生发表演讲，请以“美丽校园，多彩生活”为题写一篇演讲稿，要点如下：

1. 校园美丽舒适。

2. 对新同学在未来三年的期望。

注意： 1. 词数100左右。

2. 可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 开头和结束语已为你写好。

Dear schoolmates，

I’m Li Hua， chairman of the Student Union. ...

...

That’s all. Thank you.

[写作指导]

1. 内容。

不仅包括"内容如下"之后的内容，之前的情景说明的内容也不可或缺，近8年高考英语书面表达范文无一例外。

（1）自我简介。

（2）引出话题：我很荣幸发表题为 “美丽校园，多彩生活”的演讲。（It’s an honor to ...， I’m honored to...）

（3）校园美丽舒适。（What I’m proud of is ..... What I’m satisfied with is that...）

（4）说明美丽舒适的理由，如花草树木、人工湖、窗明几净、教学生活设施、人际关系等等。（Surrounded by....， our school ......， providing， with .... Equipped， appeal to everyone）

（5）对新同学在未来三年的期望。如过充实的生活，不辜负美丽的校园，学会生活，学会和人相处等等。（Here’s some advice I’d like to give. ... I’d like to appeal to you to... not only...but also... only in this way can we....）

2. 结构。

第一段：自我介绍，引出话题（全文主题）；

第二段：校园美丽舒适（段落主题），解释为什么说校园美丽舒适（拓展）；

第三段：引出建议，建议的具体内容。

六、课外作业

假定你是李华，计划暑期去美国旅行，想在网上预订当地民宿。请给屋主写封信，询问有关情况，要点如下：

1. 入住条件。

2. 交通、饮食等情况。

3. 住宿日期：7月5日至19日。

注意： 1.词数100左右。

2. 可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯

3. 开头和结束语已为你写好。

Dear sir or madam，

...

I’m looking forward to your early reply.

Yours

Li Hua

参考答案与范文

四、习作修改

1. askasking 现在分词短语ask about the rebuilt Qianmen Street做后置定语修饰letter。

2. areis 本句为倒装结构，主语为something。

3. famousa 因为street为单数可数名词。

4. lininglined 短语be lined with 意为“排列着”。

5. LocatingLocated 因locate为及物动词，后面没有宾语就用过去分词，过去分词短语做状语。

6. orand 肯定句中由and连接两个介词短语。

7. 去掉to 因there为副词，前面不需介词。

8. busbuses 因bus为可数名词，每路车都有许多辆。

9. thatwhere 在定语从句做状语。

10. truetruly 副词修饰形容词traditional。

附作文题：假定你是李华，你的美国朋友打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写信回复，简单介绍以下内容：

1. 简况：长800米、600多年历史、300余家商铺。

2. 位置：天安门广场南面。

3. 交通：公共汽车17、69等路，地铁2号线。

4. 特色：步行街、当当车、茶馆、剧院等。

参考词汇：步行街pedestrian street 当当车trolley car

地铁subway

五、课堂练习

Dear new schoolmates，

I’m Li Hua， chairman of the Student Union. I’m honored to deliver a speech themed with beautiful campus and colorful life.

What I’m proud of is the charming environment of our school. Surrounded by green trees and flowers in full blossom， our school is quiet and pleasant. With advanced facilities equipped in our classrooms， labs and function rooms， it is convenient to have access to all kinds of information. Moreover， the living conditions appeal to almost everyone.

Here’s some advice I’d like to give in the future three years. I’d like to advocate that we learn not only to live a colorful life but also to learn efficiently. Only in this way can we live up to the environment.

That’s all. Thank you.

六、课外作业

Dear sir or madam，

Having noticed your website， I’d like to know more detailed information about the room I plan to book in your house.

What I’m most interested in is the living conditions of the room during my stay there. Whether there is free wifi access is my greatest concern. Moreover， when staying in your house， I wish I could cook in your tidy kitchen.

With a long holiday to spend there， I wonder about the transport， food and drink there. I’d appreciate it if you could tell me something featuring the local places like snacks so that I can take some souvenirs back. Eventually， could you be kind enough to reserve me a room from July 5 to July 19？

I’m looking forward to your early reply.

Yours，

Li Hua

（作者单位：广东深圳市松岗中学）