浅谈高一学生完型填空答题技巧的养成与训练

时间:2022-08-08 07:58:41

浅谈高一学生完型填空答题技巧的养成与训练

在高中英语的学习中,完型填空可以充分考查学生掌握和运用语言的综合能力。并且,在高考中,完型填空也占有非常大的分值。因此,对于高一学生定期进行完型填空的训练和答题技巧的培养是非常必要的。

高中英语 完型填空题 答题技巧

大部分学生面对此类题时存在不同程度的恐惧和抵触心理。首要原因是,通常情况下,完型填空中文章的字数在370~420之间,共20个选项。对于刚刚接触高中英语学习的学生而言,往往显得不知所措,慌了手脚。第二个原因是,缺乏必要的答题策略与技巧。很多学生在做完型填空时,提笔就选,凭着感觉走,有时候甚至不是在“做题”而是在“猜题”。

一、必要的心理暗示

在第一堂完型填空训练课上,我会对学生进行鼓励。很多学生把完型填空看成一只貌似凶猛的老虎,其实不然。例如,完型填空的阅读材料本身与阅读理解题型相比并不难,而且很多完型填空题的阅读材料属于“心灵鸡汤”版,既可以让学生感受到语言的魅力,也可以让心灵得到启迪和净化。其实,完型填空就是让我们和作者进行心与心的沟通。

另外,完型填空虽然有20个选项,其实大多数都是对基本词汇和语法的考查,所以也不要太过于害怕和担心。

二、答题技巧和策略

我会要求学生在做完型填空时一定要通读全文,并做到读懂文章大意。如果所提供的材料是记叙文,读完后要知道人物,事情的发展和结果,以及作者的结论;如果是议论文,读完后一定要知道作者支持什么,反对什么,以及论据;如果是说明文,读完后一定要知道所描述对象的基本特征。起先,学生会有以下两个疑问:担心花费过多的时间和担心不能够读懂文章大意,因为完型材料本来就不完整。其实,在实践中发现,这些担心是多余的。中国有句古话,磨刀不误砍柴工。先通读文章是非常必要的步骤。还有,根据完型题目的特点,大部分学生完全可以在没有进行题干选择的情况下,读懂文章大意。

在完成前一项步骤的情况下,进行题干选择的时候,我会要求学生把握“两个一致,一个位置”。所谓的“两个一致”是指人称一致,时态一致。因为无论什么体裁的英语文章,上下文的时态一定是一致辞的。“一个位置”是指在做题的时候,把自己放在作者的位置上,以作者的角度进行选择。

当然,仅仅有技巧和策略还远远不够,对于词汇,语法等基本知识的掌握是做好完型填空的前提。下面,我将列举一个教学案例,时间40分钟。。

Introduction to Letter to Sam

Dear Reader:

Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book. When my 1,Sam, was born, my heart was filled with joy. I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then, and I have been2 ill many times. So I wondered if would have the 3 to tell Sam what I had 4.

For years I have been hosting a program on the 5 and writing articles for a magazine. Being 6to move freely, I have learned to sit still and keep my heart 7, exchanging thoughts with thousands of listeners and 8. So when Sam was born,I 9 to tell him about school and friendship, romance and work, Love and everything else. That’s how I started to write these 10. I hoped that Sam would 11 them sooner or later.

However, that expectation 12when Sam showed signs of autism(自闭症)at the age of two. He had actually stopped talking before the discovery of the signs. He13 to communicate with others, even the family members. That was 14 for me but didn’t stop me writing on. I realized that I had even 15 now to tell him. I wanted him to 16 what it means to be“different”from others, and learn how to fight against the misfortune he’ll17 as I myself, his grandfather, did.I just 18 if I could write all that I wanted to say in the rest of my life.

Now,19 the book has been published, I have been given the chance. Every chapter in the book is a letter to Sam: some about my life, and all about what it means to be a 20.

Daniel Gottlieb

(2010重庆高考题)

1. A. son B. nephew C. brother D. grandson

2. A. seriously B. mentally C. slightly D. quietly

3. A. ability B. time C. courage D. responsibility

4. A. written B. suffered C. observed D. lost

5. A. radio B. television C. stage D. bed

6. A. ready B. unable C. anxious D. eager

7. A. warm B. broken C. closed D. open

8. A. hosts B. visitors C. readers D. reporters

9. A. began B. stopped C. forgot D. decided

10 A. letters B. emails C. books D. diaries

11. A. find B. read C. collect D. keep

12. A. developed B. disappeared C. changed D. arrived

13. A. tried B. refused C. regretted D. hoped

14. A. exciting B. acceptable C. strange D. heartbreaking

15. A. less B. everything C. more D. nothing

16. A. understand B. explain C. believe D. question

17. A. fear B. face C. know D. cause

18. A. felt B. guessed C. saw D. doubted

19 A. as B. once C. though D. if

20. A. teacher B. child C. man D. writer

这是2010年高等学校招生考试重庆卷的完型填空。先要求学生在限定的时间内读完文章。时间15分钟。读完后,让学生回答以下的问题:作者和Sam是什么关系?作者是什么职业?Sam患有自闭症之后,作者的内心有怎样的感受和想法?时间3分钟。然后,在让学生复述文章大意,即本文是一本书的序言,作者是身患重病的老人,为了激励患自闭症的孙子Sam,用书信的形式讲述自己对Sam的关爱,期望他像爷爷一样开朗乐观的面对人生。时间2分钟。最后自己带领学生一起,以祖父的身份,进行题干的选择和讨论,时间20分钟。

三、结语

每周通过选取合适的完形填空材料让学生进行训练,既可以增强高一学生的阅读理解能力,词汇和语法知识的掌握,也可以调动学生学习英语的积极性,帮助学生建立信心,提高学习兴趣。

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