社区综合干预措施对老年性痴呆患者康复的效果研究

时间:2022-07-10 12:26:20

社区综合干预措施对老年性痴呆患者康复的效果研究

[摘要] 目的 探讨社区综合干预措施对老年性痴呆患者康复的效果,提高社区卫生老年保健水平。 方法 将纳入社区管理并建档的80例老年痴呆患者随机分为对照组与干预组各40例,对照组予一般药物治疗,干预组在对照组基础上予社区康复综合干预措施,并对两组患者进行定时、定点监测,应用阴、阳性症状量表(PANSS)、生活质量量表(QQL-100)、康复状态量表(MRSS)、简易智力量表(MMSE)、常识-记忆-注意测验量表(IMCT)及患者1年内疾病控制情况进行评估。 结果 干预组干预后的PANSS得分、QQL-100评分、MRSS、MMSE以及IMCT得分均明显高于对照组(P < 0.05),干预组1年内疾病总体控制情况明显优于对照组(P < 0.05)。 结论 社区综合干预可显著改善老年痴呆患者的临床症状,改善患者的社会适用力和生活质量,提高患者智力以及记忆力水平。

[关键词] 老年性痴呆;社区康复;干预

[中图分类号] R749.1+6 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210(2012)07(b)-0141-03

Effect of community intervention on the rehabilitation of patients with senile Dementia

QIU Jinbiao

Shenzhen Bao'an District Xixiang People's Hospital Hedong Community Health Service Center, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518102, China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of community intervention on the rehabilitation of patients with senile dementia,improving community health elderly care level. Methods 80 cases of senile dementia patients who were incorporated into the community management and archiving were randomly assigned to control group and intervention group with 40 cases in each group. The control group of patients was given conventional drug treatment, while patients in the intervention group were given additional community-based rehabilitation interventions. Fixed-time and point monitoring were given to patients in both groups. Patients' disease control status within the past one year were evaluated with Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), Quality of Life Scale (QQL-100), Morningside Rehabilitation Status Scale (MRSS), Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Information-Memory-Concentration Test (IMCT). Results After Intervention, PANSS, QQL-100, MRSS, MMSE and IMCT scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05); 1 year disease overall control was significantly better in the intervention group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Community intervention can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of senile dementia patients, enhance patients' social adaption and quality of life, and improve patients' intelligence and memory.

[Key words] Senile dementia; Community-based rehabilitation; Intervention

老年痴呆又称阿尔茨海默病(AD),常发生于60岁以上的老人,其临床特点表现为认知功能障碍和精神病性症状,有失语、失用、失认或执行功能障碍等症状,且缺陷要严重到足以影响其正常生活、职业活动和社交功能或与先前功能水平相比有较明显下降[1]。根据2008年深圳市卫生局卫生统计年鉴,2008年全市常住居民死亡率为71.8/10万人,其中循环系统疾病死亡人数居首位,死亡率为21.2/10万人。笔者应用社区综合康复措施对AD患者治疗,并与比较了传统的药物治疗效果,现报道如下:

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

参照美国精神疾病诊断和统计手册第4版(DSM-V)中老年痴呆的诊断标准,选择2008年1月~2010年12月经医院治疗后病情好转下转入我社区卫生服务管理中心纳入老年保健管理的80例AD患者。其中,男51例,女39例,年龄61~86岁,平均(71.0±7.0)岁,病程1~9年,平均(4.8±2.3)年。通过临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)评分为轻度41例,中度27例,重度12例。随机分为对照组与干预组,每组40例。对照组,男25例,女15例,年龄(69.1±8.3)岁,病程(3.9±2.7)年,轻度19例,中度15例,重度6例;干预组,男26例,女13例,年龄(69.8±7.1)岁,病程(4.3±2.5)年,轻度17例,中度16例,重度7例。两组患者在性别、年龄、文化程度、病程、病情等方面比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。

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