全国卷阅读理解中的数字推断题

高考英语全国卷阅读理解题中的以文中数字命题的题是比较容易拿分的。怎样拿分呢？我们以历年高考题为例给大家一一说明。

[例题1]（2015全国I 卷阅读B）

Salvador Dali（1904-1989）was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings， sculptures， drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces， most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938， works on paper， objects， and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.

28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1？

A. Optimistic. B. Productive C. Generous. D. Traditional.

解析：原文第一段提到两位艺术家，前半部分在介绍Dali，根据第一段第二句末尾出现的数字：展示的作品有200多幅油画、雕塑、素描以及更多别的作品。对照各选项：乐观的， 多产的，大方的，传统的，可知选B。

[例题2]（2015全国II卷阅读B）

More students than ever before are taking a gap year（间隔年）before going to university. It used to be the“year off”between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated（起源）with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

This year， 25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year， according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service（UCAS）.

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with， and complete， their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，”he said.

29. What do we learn about the gap year from the text？

A. It is flexible in length. B. It is a time for relaxation

C. It is increasingly popular D. It is required by universities

解析：借助第一段第一句和第三段第一句的底郑more than ever before...， 14.7% increase，从这些数字看出越来越多的学生，考上大学后会休整一年。故选C。

[例题3]（2014年全国II 卷阅读C 篇）

One of the latest trend（趋势）in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford， for example， has got increasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4，000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country.

…

The popularity if au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.

31. What can we infer from the text？

A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular In America，

B. Educated woman do better in looking after children

C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English Skills.

D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.

解析：第一段出现了对比数字：对中国“互惠”家长的需要，仅在斯坦福德，就从零到大约4000人的需求，而且全国都有这样的趋势。文章最后一段再次提到中国“互惠”家长受欢迎度有增无减，越来越多的家长希望孩子学习汉语。从对比的数字以及相关内容，我们可以推断A是正确的。

[例题4] （2014年全国II 阅读D篇）

Metrobus

When paying with exact charge， the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip？Rcard ， the fare is 1.25.

Fares for senior/ disabled customers

Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus ， use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip？Rcard. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards， SmarTrip？Rcards and passes， please visit or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.

34. What is good about a SmarTrip？Rcard ？

A. It is convenient for old people.

B. It saves money for its users

C. It can be bought at any train

D. It is sold on the Internet

解析：}目要求我们找出SmarTrip？Rcard的好处，从Metrobus这里我们看到对比数字，一般是1.35美元，但用了SmarTrip？Rcard只需要1.25美元，因此选B。

[例题5]（2013全国I 卷阅读D）

Getting There：

Nearest underground stations： Charing Cross（2-minute walk）， Leicester Square（3-minute walk）， Embankment（7-minute walk）， and Piccadilly Circus（8-minute walk）.

70. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery？

A. Piccadilly Circus. B. Leicester Square.

C. Embankment. D. Charing Cross.

解析：从原文最后一段，列举出的离得最近的地铁站以及出站后需要走路的时间，经过对比，我们发现Charing Cross只需要走2分钟，时间最短，因此选D。

从以上几道题，我们可以看到当文中出现数字，特别是有数据对比时，通常会成为考点。因此，当我们遇到有对比的数据时，应该想到有可能是解题的线索。这样，在摒弃一些冗余材料后，我们需要阅读的内容就更有针对性，解题的速度和正确率也提高了。