中考中的代词

一、对人称代词的考查

【考点小结】主要考查人称代词的主格和宾格的不同用法。做主语用主格，做动词、介词的宾语用宾格。

【中考题例】

1. Who taught ______math last year? (青岛)

A. they B. their C. them D. theirs

2. Merry Christmas, George! Here is a card for ______, with ______best wishes. (济南)

A. you, our B. us, your

C. you, yourD. us, our

二、对物主代词的考查

【考点小结】主要考查形容词性和名词性物主代词的不同用法。形容词性物主代词一般放在名词前，做定语；名词性物主代词相当于”形容词性物主代词+名词”，所以它从不与名词连用，在句中可用做主语、宾语或表语。

【中考题例】

―Is this your sweater, Joy?

―No, it’s not ______sweater. ______is yellow. (哈尔滨)

A. my, My B. my, Mine

C. mine, Mine D. mine, My

三、对it, that, one(ones), those等替代词的考查

【考点小结】 it指上文出现的单数名词。它还常做形式主语和形式宾语；one用做不定代词时，常用来代替上文出现的单数名词，所指事物与上文出现的单数名词同类。one不可代替不可数名词；that则常用来代替上文中出现的不可数名词；those用来代替可数名词的复数，相当于the ones。

【中考题例】

1. ―Jim! Do you have a PC?

―Yes, I have______. And I bought ______last Sunday morning. (济南)

A. it, thatB. it, one C. one, it D. one, this

2. The cars made in Japan are much cheaper than ______made in America. (南京)

A. ones B. thoseC. that D. it

四、对不定代词的考查

（1）对some与any不定代词的考查。

【考点小结】一般说来，some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。但要注意：some在表示客气的请求或希望得到对方的肯定回答时，也可用于疑问句中。

【中考题例】

1. ―Do you have ______apples?

―No, I don’t, but I have ______oranges. (海南)

A. any, some B. some, any

C. any, anyD. some, some

2. ―Your coffee smells good!

―It’s from Canada. Would you like______? (天津)

A. itB. someC. thisD. little

（2） 对few, little, a few, a little不定代词的考查。

【考点小结】 few和a few修饰或代替复数可数名词，few表示否定意义，a few表示肯定意义；little和a little修饰或代替不可数名词，little表示否定意义，a little表示肯定意义。

【中考题例】

1. There is still ___ water in the bottle. It’s enough for both of us.(沈阳)

A. little B. a little C. few D. a few

2. A lot of girls have tried, but ______have passed the exam. (唐山)

A. a fewB. few C. a littleD. little

（3）对other, the other, another, others等不定代词的考查。

【考点小结】 another泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中的一个；the other指已知的两个人或物的另一个。others泛指别的人或物；the others指一定范围内的其余的人或物。若强调确定数目中的“一个……其余的”，用“one…the others(或the other+复数名词)”结构。

【中考题例】

1. I don’t like the colors of the T―shirt. Would you show me ______one? (上海)

A. the otherB. othersC. another D. the others

2. The Smiths have visited two famous cities. One is in Japan and ______is in China. (石家庄)

A. anotherB. otherC. others D. the other

（4）对由some, any, no, every加―thing, ―body, ―one等构成的复合不定代词的考查。

【考点小结】 复合不定代词有表示事物与表示人之分。表示事物的有something, anything, nothing, everything；表示人的有somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等。一般来说，something, somebody, everything, everybody用于肯定句，anything, anybody用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句；nothing, nobody本身具有否定意义，它们构成否定句。此外，如果everything, everybody用于否定句中，则表示部分否定。

【中考题例】

1. This machine is very easy to use. ______can learn to use it in a very short time. (济南)

A. SomebodyB. Anybody

C. NobodyD. Few people

2. He said ______at the meeting and just sat there silently. (福州)

A. something B. anything

C. nothing D. everything

（5）对all, both, either, neither, none等不定代词的考查。

【考点小结】 all表示“三者或三者以上都”；both表示“两者都”；与all相反的none表示“三者或三者以上都不”，与both相反的neither表示“两者都不”。either表示“(两者之中)任何一个”，可以与of连用。

【中考题例】

1. Jack, Sue and I will ______go to Sam’s birthday party. (南京)

A. both B. neitherC. allD. either

2. ― Can you come and give us a talk on Thursday or Friday?

― I’m afraid ______day is possible. (郑州)

A. either B. neither C. every D. any

五、对who, whose, whom, that, which等代词的考查

【考点小结】重点要掌握who, whose, whom, that, which等代词的基本用法。如：who(whom)提问的是人的身份；whose在句中做表语或定语；what指某人的身份或职业，等等。

【中考题例】

1. ―______idea did you take?

―John’s. (南京)

A. What

B. Who

C.Where

D. Whose

2. Betty went to the museum and saw many pictures ______were drawn by a famous person. (贵阳)

A. that B. who

C. what D. whom