词语辨析 第5期

时间:2022-10-25 09:54:49

1.aloud,loud,loudly

精彩辨析 以上三个词都可用作副词,意为“大声地,出声地”。aloud指使人能听见而发声,声音不一定很大,常译为“出声地”;loud指说话声和笑声很大:loudly指人声、敲门声等,强调声音高、喧闹、不悦耳。试比较:He should read aloud in class.他应该在课堂上大声读。Don't talk so loud.My father is sleeping.不要这么大声说话,我父亲正在睡觉。There is someone knocking loudly at the door.有人正在大声地敲门。

2.attend,join,join in,take part in

精彩辨析 以上都有“参加”的意思。attend指出席或参加会

说明 连接代词、连接副词与疑问词的作用截然不同,前者引导宾语从句,后者引导特殊疑问句。凡是宾语从句都必须用陈述语序。

忌连接代词与它所修饰的名词分开。例如:

I don't know which she wants to read book. (×)

I don't know which book she wants to read. (√)

提示 连接代词在宾语从句中作定语时,被连接代词所修饰的名词应紧随其后。

五、忌连接副词why与其他连接词的用法混淆,why可代替整个从句。例如:

He didn't come last night.I don't know why.(why的后面省略了he didn't come last night)议、聚会、讲座等,如:The businessman attended a meeting yesterday.昨天这位商人出席了一次会议。join的意思是加入到某一组织、团体或人群中去,并成为其中一员,如:Her brother joined the army five yearsago.五年前他哥哥参了军。join in和take part in都指参加到某项活动中去,如:The boys took part in/joined in the interesting game.男孩们参加了这项有趣的活动。

3.so much,so many

精彩辨析 两者都可表示“如此多,这么多”,表示不确切的数量。在应用中,so much后接不可数名词,so many后接可数名词的复数,如:Thereis so much pollution in the fiver.河里有如此多的污染。He has eaten so many bananas today.今天他吃了如此多的香蕉。

4.get to sleep,be asleep

精彩辨析 get to sleep意为“入睡”,它的同义短语是fall asleep,它们指由没有睡着到睡着的状态,是短暂性的动作,如:The boy often goes to bed at 8:00 and usually goes to sleep at 9:00.这个男孩经常8:00睡觉,通常在9:00入睡。be asleep意为“睡着了”,它是延续性动词,表示动作延续的时间,如:My brother has been asleep for 2 hours.我弟弟已经睡着两小时了。

5.chance,opportunity,

精彩辨析 二者都是名词,意为“机会,时机”。chance作“机会,机遇”讲时,是可数名词,还可表示“可能性”,这时是可数和不可数名词均可,如:There is a chance that you will meet her again.你还有机会和她再次见面。She has no much chance of coming back again.她不大可能再回来了。chance还可构成短语by chance意为“偶然,碰巧”。opportunity指“有利的时机、良机”,如:In the end,I had anopportunity of meeting her.最后我有了见她的机会。

6.bother,trouble

精彩辨析 bother表示为琐碎的小事烦恼或打扰他人,如:I amvery busy,pleasedon't botherme.我很忙,请别打扰我。trouble常用在客气的话中,表示给某人带来不便和麻烦,但并不影响正常的生活和学习,如:Can i trouble you to open the door?我能麻烦你打开门吗?

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