剖析高考试题中的特殊句式考点

专题导航

特殊句式是高考英语单选题中的考点之一，它主要考查“倒装句、强调句、反意疑问句、省略句、it和there句式”等，其中针对“倒装句”考点的试题屡屡出现，其次是“强调句”和“反意疑问句”。

一、倒装句

倒装有两种形式，一是主谓倒装，二是其他句子成分的倒装。近年来，高考英语试题中出现了以下十种“以……开头”的倒装句考点：

（一）以否定副词开头

以never， hardly， seldom， little， few， nowhere， not， no， not until， by no means， hardly…when， no sooner… than等否定副词开头的句子，大多采用部分倒装语序。例如：

①Little did he know that the police were after him. 他一点也不知道警察在找他。

②Hardly had he arrived at the station when the train began to leave. 他一到车站，火车就开动了。

【试题】1. Never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. （2012年江西卷）

A. had sheB. she had

C. has sheD. she has

2. No sooner his speech than the newspaper reporters fired off a series of questions.

A. had the president finished

B. the president had finished

C. the president finished

D. finished the president

【解析】第1题以否定副词never开头，因此句子的谓语应使用部分倒装语序，故选C。

第2题no sooner从句中的谓语要用过去完成时，且要用部分倒装语序，故选A。

（二）以so， neither， nor开头

表示“也”的so、“也不”的neither和nor位于句首，且谓语是连系动词be时，句子用完全倒装语序；谓语是行为动词时，句子用部分倒装语序。例如：

①The publishers and authors who give away free e＼|books still make money， and so do the musicians who give away free music. 提供免费电子图书的出版商和作者还是有利可图的，提供免费音乐的音乐人也不例外。

②Mary doesn’t like swimming， neither/nor does her elder sister Kate. 玛丽不喜欢游泳，她姐姐凯特也不喜欢。

特别提醒：1.如果so表示“确实如此”，则后面的主谓不用倒装语序。例如：

―John has done a good job. 约翰干得不错。

―So he has. 他的确干得不错。

2.注意例②中neither后的谓语要用肯定式。例如：

I didnt say anything at the meeting and neither did anyone else. 我在会议上什么都没说，其他人也是沉默不语。

【试题】1.― I dont know about you， but Im sick and tired of this weather.

― . I cant stand all this rain. （2012年山东卷）

A. I dont careB. Its hard to say

C. So am ID. I hope not

2. ―I hear Huang Gang made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday.

―， and .

A. So he did； so did I

B. So did he； so I did

C. So he was； so was I

D. So was he； so I was

【解析】第1题but Im sick and tired of this weather中的谓语是连系动词am，因此下句表示“我也是”，应用So am I，故选C。

第2题第1个空处的意思应该是“他的确如此”，第2个空处的意思应该是“我也如此”，因此应选择A项。

（三）以so … that结构中的“so+形容词/副词”开头

当so … that结构中的“so+形容词/副词”位于句子开头时， so这个句子要用倒装语序，但that从句不用倒装语序。例如：

①So frightened was he in the darkness that he didnt dare to move an inch. 他在黑暗中如此害怕，以致他寸步难行。

②So loudly did he speak that he was heard upstairs. 他说话声音这么大，楼上都听得见。

【试题】1. So difficult it to live in an English＼|speaking country that I was determined to learn English.

A. I have feltB. have I felt

C. I did feelD. did I feel

2. So that no fish can live in it.

A. the lake is shallow

B. shallow the lake is

C. shallow is the lake

D. is the lake shallow

【解析】第1题中的that I was determined属一般过去时，因此在so difficult开头的倒装句中也要用一般过去时did I feel，故选D。

第2题中，so后应先接形容词shallow，再接主谓倒装式is the lake，因此应选择C项。

（四）以only， not only…but also， neither…nor开头

以“only+副词/介词短语”，“only + when/after从句”，not only…but also， neither…nor等开头的句子使用倒装语序的用法规则是：

only后接一副词或介词短语，如only then， only in this way， only with hard work等，句子要用倒装语序；

only when， only after等引导从句时，后面的主句要用倒装语序；

not only…but also各引导一个句子时，在not only这个句子中应使用倒装语序；

neither…nor各引导一个句子时，在neither和nor这两个句子中都要使用倒装语序。

请看例句：

①Only then will their true value to the organization be fully realized. 只有到那时这个组织的真正价值才能被体现出来。

②Only when a reservoir is built here can we solve our irrigation problem. 只有在这里修个水库， 才能解决灌溉问题。

③Not only should we learn from books， but also we should learn from practice. 我们不但要向书本学习，还要向实践学习。

④Neither has he gone to see her， nor will he do so. 他没有去看她，也不想那么做。

【试题】1. Only after Mary read her composition the second time the spelling mistake. （2012年天津卷）

A. did she notice

B. she notice

C. does she notice

D. she has noticed

2. Not only a promise， but also it.

A. he made； he kept

B. did he make； he kept

C. did he make； did he keep

D. he made； did he keep

3. Neither a sister nor .

A. does Mrs. White have； her husband does

B. does Mrs. White have； does her husband

C. Mrs. White has； her husband does

D. has Mrs. White； her husband does

【解析】第1题属“only修饰状语”开头，因此句子或主句要用倒装语序，故选A。

第2题属not only…but also各引导一个句子的句型，在not only这个句子中应使用倒装语序，故选B。

第3题是neither…nor各引导一个句子，前后两个句子都应使用倒装语序，故选B。

（五）以here， there， first， then开头

以here， there， first或then开头，且谓语动词是be， go， come， stand， lie， live时，句子常用完全倒装语序，其中以there开头的倒装句考点最为常见。例如：

①Here are some of my ideas. What would you add？ 这是我的一些想法，你有什么补充的吗？

②There stands a small bookcase near the window of my room. 在我房间的窗户边上，有一个小巧的书柜。

③First is the weather， which is the most important for a picnic. 首先是天气，这对野餐来说是最重要的。

④Then comes the problem of trying to dress yourself properly for work. 接下来的问题是，如何尽力做到穿着得体去上班。

特别提醒：here， there和then后动词的单、复数要与后面的名词保持一致。另外，在这种倒装句式中，一般将来时应用一般现在时表示。

【试题】1. The old man pointed to the grave and said， “Here who loved us and whom we love.”

A. the one liesB. lies the one

C. the one layD. does the one lie

2. First your final conclusion on your work of this year， and then your plan for the next year.

A. is； comesB. are； comes

C. is； comeD. are； come

【解析】第1题引号中的句子以here开头，后面直接用lies构成“完全倒装”，句意是：老人指着那座坟墓说，“这里躺着的是爱我们和我们爱的朋友。”故选B。

第2题分别以first和then开头，后面直接用is和comes构成“完全倒装”，句意是：首先是对你今年工作的总结，然后是关于下一年的工作计划。故选A。

（六）以介词短语及动词＼|ing短语开头

用作地点状语的介词短语以及动词＼|ing短语位于句首时，句子常用完全倒装语序。此时，谓语动词主要是be， stand， sit， live， lie等。例如：

①Inside the tomb were the bodies of the King and Queen. 这个坟墓里埋葬的是国王和王后的尸体。

②In the front of the stage stood the famous singer. 台前站着的就是那位著名歌手。

特别提醒：这类介词短语以及动词＼|ing短语后动词的单、复数要与后面的名词保持一致。

【试题】1. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ， one of the ten largest cities in China.

A. lies Chongqing

B. Chongqing lies

C. does lie Chongqing

D. does Chongqing lie

2. Standing on the top of the tall building a radio and television transmission tower， which was built last year.

A. areB. were

C. isD. was

【解析】第1题中，At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River是表示方位的地点状语位于句首，句子要用完全倒装，故选A。

第2题中，Standing on the top of the tall building属动词＼|ing短语位于句首，句子要用完全倒装，故选C。

（七）以省略if的虚拟条件句开头

英语虚拟条件句省略if时就要采用倒装式，直接把were， should或had 移到从句的句首。高考英语题中，常用这类倒装式从句考查主句谓语表示法。例如：

①Were my father here now， he would tell me what to do. 要是我父亲现在在这，他会告诉我该怎么做。

②Had I known about this computer program， a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.要是知道这个电脑程序，我就已经节省了大量的时间和经历了。

③Should it snow tomorrow， we would have a snowball fight together， OK？ 如果明天下雪，我们一起去打雪仗好吗？

【试题】1. Had they known what was coming next， they second thoughts.

A. may haveB. could have

C. must have hadD. might have had

2. to the doctor， you would be all right now.

A. Had you listened

B. You had listened

C. If had listened

D. Had listened you

3. you where I am from， just say Im your sister.

A. He should ask

B. Should he ask

C. Should ask he

D. Should he ask

【解析】第1题考查倒装式从句后的主句谓语表示法，根据had known的提示，可知是与过去事实相反，因此主句中应该用might have had，故选D。

第2题考查与过去事实相反的倒装式表达法，因此应选Had you listened。

第3题考查虚拟语气将来情况的倒装式表达法，因此要选Should he ask。

（八）以as和however构成让步状语从句的开头

as引导让步状语从句时，应把相应的形容词、副词、动词等放在句首。however引导让步状语从句时，也是在这个从句本身构成倒装语序，有两种构成形式：“however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”和“however+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”。例如：

①Old as he is， he works like a young man. 尽管他很老了，但他工作起来却像个年轻人。

②Hard as they tried， they couldnt make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。

③However carefully I explained， she still didnt understand. 无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是没弄懂。

④However difficult a problem it is， we should try to solve it. 无论这是多难的问题，我们都应该努力解决它。

特别提醒：as/though引导让步状语从句时，如果表语是名词，即使是单数可数名词，这个名词前面也不用冠词。例如：

Teacher as he is， he cannot teach all subjects. 虽然他是个教师，但他教不了所有的科目。

【试题】1. ， he can succeed in his work if he works hard. That does not admit of any doubt.

A. Though is a person stupid

B. A person is stupid

C. Stupid as a person is

D. Stupid though is a person

2. Try she might， Sue couldnt get the door open.

A. ifB. when

C. sinceD. as

3. you may have， you should gather your courage to face the challenge.

A. However a serious problem

B. What a serious problem

C. However serious a problem

D. What serious a problem

【解析】第1题的句意是：一个人虽然不太聪明，但如果他辛勤工作的话，他也能成功，那是不容置疑的。故选C。

第2题属“动词+as+主语+情态动词”的倒装式。句意是：虽然她想方设法，可就是弄不开门。故选D。

第3题属“however+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”的倒装式。句意是：无论你遇到多么严峻的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气去面对挑战。故选C。

（九）以“动词+副词”短语中的副词开头

英语中，有些由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词，可以将其中的副词放在动词之前构成倒装句，此时这个句子的主语通常是名词。例如：

①Down went the small boat slowly. 小船慢慢地沉下去了。

②Up and down went the four friends， shouting and roaring， and their sticks whistled through the air. 四个朋友跳上跳下，他们大叫着咆哮着，他们的棍子在空气里虎虎生风。

特别提醒：如果主语不是名词而是人称代词，则只将副词提前，后面仍用“主语+动词”的形式。例如：

①Up it went into the cloudless sky. 它升上了无云的天空。

②Away she went without a word. 她一句话没说就走开了。

【试题】1.The window opened andthe small bird.

A. flew awayB. away flew

C. was flying awayD. away flying

2. and caught the mouse.

A. Up the cat jumped

B. The cat up jumped

C. Up jumped the cat

D. Jumped up the cat

3. when they saw their room on fire.

A. out rushed they

B. rushed out they

C. They out rushed

D. Out they rushed

【解析】第1、2题中，句子的主语都是名词，因此要用“副词+动词+主语”的倒装式。故分别选B、C。

第3题中，句子的主语是代词they，因此要用“副词+主语+动词”的倒装式，故选D。

（十）以“表语”开头

以表语开头的倒装构成形式是“表语+连系动词+主语”。例如：

①Present at the meeting is our English teacher， who was once honored as a model teacher. 出席会议的是我们的英语老师，他曾被授予过模范教师的称号。

②Gone is the time when peasants lived in the poor houses. 农民住破旧房子的时代已经过去了。

③Later they beat their enemy and retook the city. Such was the result. 后来，他们打败了敌人，重新占领了那座城市。结果就是这样。

④Such were the results of his own original research. 这些就是他独创性研究的成果。

特别提醒：在这类倒装句式中，动词的单、复数要与后面的名词保持一致。比较例句：

①Such is his friend. 他的朋友就是这样。（friend是单数，谓语用is。）

②Such are his friends. 他的朋友们就是这样。（friends是复数，谓语用are。）

【试题】1. when you had to wait for the morning newspaper to know what is going all around the world.

A. Gone are the days

B. Gone is the days

C. Gone was the days

D. Gone the days are

2. ， a simple man and one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.

A. Such is Albert Einstein

B. Such Albert Einstein is

C. Such was Albert Einstein

D. Such Albert Einstein was

【解析】第1题中，the days是复数，因此谓语动词要用are。句意是：你只有等待晨报才知道世界各地正在发生什么事的日子一去不复返了。故选A。

第2题中，主语Albert Einstein是单数，是已故之人，因此这个倒装句式要用“Such was Albert Einstein”。

二、强调句

高考英语单选题“强调句”的考点主要是“It is/was … that”表达法，以及“助动词do/does/did+原形动词”表达法。

（一）“It is/was … that”表达法

英语最常用的强调句型是“It is/was … that …”，主要用来强调主语、表语、宾语或状语。在这种句型中，it没有词义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的是“人”，可以用that连接，也可以用who。如果是其他成分，则一律用that来连接。使用这种句型时，有以下几点常易出错：

1. 强调主语时易在“主谓一致”上出现错误。被强调成分是主语时，who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与句中的主语保持一致。例如：

It is I that/who am the owner of this house. 这所房子的主人是我。（被强调的是主语I，因此that/who后的谓语要用am。）

2.强调状语时易“误用when，where或why”。使用“It is/was … that …”强调句型时，即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语或原因状语等，也不能用when，where或why，而是要用that。解答这类题时，一定要注意把它与“定语从句、it is … since、it有具体含义”的句型区别开来。例如：

It was at eleven oclock that I arrived here. 我是11点钟到达这儿的。（不能说It was at eleven oclock when I arrived here.）

（比较It was at eleven oclock that I arrived here.与It was eleven oclock when I arrived here.的差异：前句中，at eleven oclock是状语，属It was…that句型中的强调成分；后句中，eleven oclock是表语，it是代词，表示时间，句意是：我到达这儿时，时间是11点。）

3.易出现“混用代词主格、宾格”错误。被强调成分作主语的代词要用主格，作宾语的代词则要用宾格。比较例句：

①It is she who/that often helps me with my English. 是她经常帮助我学英语。（强调的是主格“她”，因此要用she。）

②It is her that I often help with her English. 我经常帮助她学英语。（强调的是宾格“她”，因此要用her。）

4.易出现“混用who与that”的错误。在It was…that句型中，被强调的是“人”时，可以用that连接，也可以用who连接。但是，如果被强调部分既有“人”又有“物”时，则只能用that而不能用who连接。例如：

①lt was the things and people they remembered that they were talking about.他们谈及的是他们所记得的人和事。

②It is Tom and his lovely dog that are the leading roles in this story. 这个故事的主人公是汤姆和他的爱犬。

5.强调“not...until”时易出错。用“It is/was… that”强调not until时，由于否定已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。例如：

It was not until yesterday evening that he changed his mind. 他直到昨天晚上才改变主意。（常规句式是：He didnt change his mind until yesterday evening.）

（二）“助动词do/does/did+原形动词”表达法

解答由“do/does/did+原形动词”构成的强调句时，要特别注意do， does和did在不同人称、数和时态中的对应表示法。

【试题】1. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Zheng sailed to East Africa. （2012年重庆卷）

A. whenB. that

C. afterD. since

2. Was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat went down？ （2011年四川卷）

A. whereB. that

C. whichD. what

3. If you have a job， yourself to it and finally youll succeed.

A. do devoteB. dont devote

C. devotingD. not devoting

【解析】第1和2题均属考查“It is/was … that”的强调表达法。第3题考查“助动词do+原形动词devote”的强调表达法。句意为：如果你有了一份工作，一定要努力去做， 最后你定能成功。故答案分别是：1.B2.B3.A

三、反意疑问句

反意疑问句的基本原则就是要与主句的主谓保持一致。陈述部分为肯定，疑问尾句为否定；陈述部分为否定，疑问尾句则为肯定。特别值得注意的用法还有以下四点：

1.当陈述句中有never， seldom， hardly， few， little， nobody， nothing， no one， none， neither， no， nowhere等否定意义的单词时，尽管其谓语是肯定式，后面疑问尾句的谓语也要用肯定式。

2.陈述句中must表示“推测”时，疑问尾句的时态变化规则是：

①陈述句的谓语是“must be”或“must be doing”时，疑问尾句的谓语应用一般现在时isnt或arent。例如：

He must be from the southern part of England， isnt he？ 他一定是来自英国南部，是吧？

②陈述句的谓语是“must+现在完成式”，句中有表示过去的时间状语，疑问尾句的谓语用一般过去时。例如：

She must have heard the good news just now， didnt she？ 想必她刚才听到了那个好消息，是吗？（陈述句中有一般过去时的时间状语just now）

③陈述句的谓语是“must+现在完成式”表示“推测”时，句中没有表示过去的时间状语时，疑问尾句的谓语则用现在完成时。例如：

You must have studied English for many years， havent you？ 你一定学了多年英语，不是吗？

3.祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you。

4.陈述部分是主从复合句时， 其疑问尾句的构成常以主句为变化依据。但是，当主句的主语是第一人称I或we，动词是think， believe， expect， suppose， imagine或be sure时，疑问尾句仅有肯定或否定是与主句相对应， 而主语和时态都要根据宾语从句而确定。

【试题】1. I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did， ？

A. could heB. didnt I

C. didnt youD. could they

2. It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party， ？

A. doesnt itB. does it

C. dont theyD. do they

3. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers， ？

A. is heB. isnt he

C. must heD. mustnt he

4. You and I could hardly work together， ？

A. could youB. couldnt I

C. couldnt weD. could we

5. When youve finished with that book， dont forget to put it back on the shelf， ？

A. do youB. dont you

C. will youD. wont you

6. Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus， ？

A. hadnt youB. wouldnt you

C. arent ID. didnt she

【解析】第1题陈述部分I told them为肯定，故疑问尾句要用否定，故选B。

第2题主句是It doesnt matter，疑问尾句的主语要用it，谓语要用肯定式does，故选B。

第3题的陈述部分是He must be helping，疑问尾句的谓语要用否定式，且要用一般现在时，因此应选填isnt，故选B。

第4题陈述部分的主语是You and I，含“我们”的概念，谓语中又有否定副词hardly，因此应填could we构成疑问尾句，故选D。

第5题的陈述部分是祈使句dont forget，因此疑问尾句要用will you，故选C。

第6题主句是Im sure，疑问尾句的主谓要依宾语从句youd rather来确定，因此应选填wouldnt you。故选B。

四、省略与替代

由于省略时就可能要使用替代词，而使用替代词时往往就会出现省略，因此“省略”与“替代”几乎是如影随形。省略主要包括：主语的省略、谓语或谓语一部分的省略、宾语的省略、不定式的省略、宾语从句和状语从句中的省略、虚拟条件句中if的省略。替代主要包括“用do/does/did替代动词”和“用so和not分别代替肯定和否定的从句”。

【试题】1. It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. ， wed better take it to the garage immediately.

A. OtherwiseB. If not

C. But for thatD. If so

2. a strange plant！ Ive never seen it before.

A. WhichB. What

C. HowD. Whether

3. Every evening after dinner， if not from work， I will spend some time walking my dog.

A. being tiredB. tiring

C. tiredD. to be tired

4. ―Whats the matter with Della？

―Well， her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party， but she still .

A. hopes toB. hopes so

C. hopes notD. hopes for

5. ―Who should be responsible for the accident？

―The boss， not the workers. They just carried out the order .

A. as toldB. as are told

C. as tellingD. as they told

6. Their living conditions ， they work much harder than before.

A. have been greatly improved

B. greatly improved

C. had been greatly improved

D. greatly improving

【解析】第1题前句的意思是“听起来车的发动机好像有问题”，后句的意思是“我们最好立刻把它弄到汽修厂去”，两句之间缺少的是“如果那样的话”，因此要用既表示省略也表示替代的短语if so，故选D。

第2题考查what引导感叹句时的省略表示法，What a strange plant后省略了it is，故选B。

第3题if not tired from work中省略了主谓语I am，故可知选C。

第4题考查不定式的省略表示法。在不定式作简略回答时， 常常将不定式to之后的内容省略。本句中，hope to后省略的是go to the party，故选A。

第5题考查as引导方式状语从句时的省略。they与tell之间是被动关系，因此as后要用过去分词told，即as told=as they were told。

第6题考查独立主格结构。their living conditions greatly improved为独立主格结构，是原因状语从句As their living conditions have greatly been improved的省略表示法，故选B。

五、it和there句式

由it开头的句型主要有It is well known/no wonder that…， It seems/appears that…和It is said/reported that…（有时相当于“Somebody/Something is said +不定式短语”）；由there开头的句型主要有there be和there seems/appears/happens to be…句型。

【试题】1. It is that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.

A. saidB. to say

C. sayingD. being said

2. AIDS is said the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.

A. that it is

B. to be

C. that it has been

D. to have been

3. He hasnt slept at all for three days. that he is tired out.

A. There is no point

B. There is no need

C. It is no wonder

D. It is no way

4. appeared that those people often took their work troubles home with them.

A. ThisB. That

C. ItD. What

5. We believe from now on will certainly be more exchanges between our two countries.

A. thereB. it

C. thatD. which

【解析】第1题中，“It is said+ that从句”属特定句型，表示“据说……”，故选A。

第2题是“Something is said +不定式短语”句型，to have been属不定式的完成式，故选D。

第3题是“It is no wonder that…”句型，表示“怪不得……”，故选C。

第4题是“It appears that …”句型。句意是：看来那些人常常将工作中的烦恼带回家。故选C。

第5题是“there be” 句型。句意是：我们相信，从现在起我们两国之间将一定会有更多的交往。故选A。

巩固提高

1. entirely， Greenlands ice sheet would drive up ocean levels by some seven meters， drowning coastal cities around the world.

A. It were to melt

B. if were to melt

C. Were if it to melt

D. Were it to melt

2. If you want help ― money or anything， let me know， you？

A. dontB. will

C. shallD. do

3. No sooner itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to work in the fields.

A. the sun had shown

B. had the sun shown

C. had shown the sun

D. shown had the sun

4. Only when we realize the importance of helping each other to building a harmonious society.

A. can we be devoted

B. we can be devoted

C. can be we devoted

D. be devoted can we

5. Scarcely the door when a heavy knock sounded at it.

A. she closed

B. closed she

C. she had closed

D. had she closed

6. Not until we are parents ourselves what our parents did for us and what their lives were like.

A. we realize

B. do we realize

C. we will realize

D. are we realized

7. In my opinion， life in the twenty＼|first century is much easier than .

A. that used to be

B. it is used to

C. it was used to

D. it used to be

8. It is well known even the same leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals.

A. whichB. when

C. thatD. what

9. Up into the sky .

A. went the light blue smoke

B. the light blue went

C. go the light blue smoke

D. does the light blue smoke go

10. Since there happeneda drought in the area， the water level in the pond was becoming lower and lower.

A. havingB. to have

C. beingD. to be

11. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once with each other.

A. they had quarreled

B. they have quarreled

C. have they quarreled

D. had they quarreled

12. Nowhere else in the world wild giant pandas except in China.

A. you will find

B. can you be able to find

C. you may have found

D. can you find

13. We waited and waited. we had been looking forward to.

A. Then came the hour

B. Then did the hour come

C. The then hour came

D. The hour then came

14. Hearing “Earthquake！”， out.

A. they rushed

B. rushed they

C. rushing they

D. did they rush

15. ―Why didnt you buy it？

―， nor did the color agree with me.

A. Because the price was high

B. Not only did it fit me

C. For I disliked its material

D. Neither was the price reasonable

16. It seems in our busy lives nowadays many of us have forgotten how to appreciate others.

A. thatB. what

C. whenD. why

17. Only by this means .

A. we can hope to succeed

B. can we hope to succeed

C. can we hope to success

D. we can hope to success

18. You should try to get a good nights sleep you have to do.

A. however work too much

B. however much work

C. too much work however

D. much work however

19. So little about philosophy that the lecture was completely beyond me.

A. I knowB. knew I

C. did I knowD. do I know

20. It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu， such as headache and aching muscles.

A. thatB. who

C. howD. what

答案与解析

1. D。were it to melt是省略if的倒装句式，故选D。

2. B。本题考查反意疑问句。let me know是祈使句，疑问尾句要用will you。

3. B。no sooner位于句首时，谓语要用“had+主语+过去分词”的倒装语序，than后用陈述语序。

4. A。only修饰when从句位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。

5. D。scarcely位于句首时，谓语要用“had+主语+过去分词”的倒装语序，when后用陈述语序。

6. B。not until从句位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，故选B。

7. D。本题考查省略表示法。表示“过去常常……”用used to…，本题中原形动词be不能省略。

8. C。本句是“it is well known that …”句型。句意是：众所周知，即使同样的休闲活动，不同的人可能采用的方式也不相同。

9. A。up into the sky位于句首，且主语是名词the light blue smoke，因此要用倒装语序went the light blue smoke。

10. D。本题考查“there happens +to be”句型。句意是：因为这个地区碰巧遇到干旱，池塘里的水越来越少。

11. C。never是表示否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。

12. D。nowhere是表示否定意义的副词，位于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。

13. A。then位于句首，且主语是名词the hour，因此要用倒装语序Then came the hour。

14. A。本句是rush out中的副词out开头，但主语是人称代词，故主谓不用倒装语序。

15. D。neither和nor各引导一个句子时，这两个句子都要用倒装语序。句意是：不但价格不合理，颜色也不适合我。

16. A。本句属It seems that…句型，故选A。

17. B。only修饰介词短语，且位于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。

18. B。however后有名词时，要用“however+形容词+（冠词）+名词”的语序。

19. C。“so+形容词+that从句”中的“so+形容词”位于句首时，so所在的句子要用倒装语序。

20. A。本句中，it was … that强调的是主语these poisonous products。