Time相关句型结构及其用法归纳
时间：2022-09-19 08:45:14
摘 要： time一词极为常见，英语学习者都非常熟悉。它的一些特殊结构和用法很重要，是高考的重点和热点，在学习中要加以重视。文章对此作归纳和总结，以期对正在进行高考复习的莘莘学子有所帮助。
Time一词极为常见，广大的英语学习者对该词也颇为熟悉。其基本含义是时间；时光（即日、月、年）；光阴。词性为名词。用作动词时可以指：排定（某事）发生的时间；记录（某人、某事）所花的时间；记录（某人、物）的速度等。作形容词时，意思是定时的；定期的；分期（付款）的。除了这些较常见的意思外，它还有很多用法，仅朗文当代英汉双解词典（第一版）就收录了它的五十多个词条和相关用法。而笔者在教学中发现，time的相关句型结构在新课改《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》（人教版）的必修、选修教材中多次出现，并且作为重点句型要求学生掌握。下面，笔者将该词的一些相关结构加以归纳解释，以期对英语学习者，尤其是准备参加高考的莘莘学子能有所帮助。
一
I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.From Anne’s Best Friend（必修一）
【重点句型突破】There was a time when...翻译为“曾经一度；有……的时候。”其中there was a time是主句，when引导一个定语从句，对a time进行修饰、限定。又如：
1.There was a time when people used to see films on the open ground.（人们先前经常看露天电影。）
2.There was a time when he was disappointed and wanted to leave here.（曾经一度他很沮丧，想离开这里。）
二
However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.From Unit5 Nelson Mandela——a Modern Hero
【重点句型突破】This is/was a time when...翻译为“曾经一度……；这是一个怎样的时期。”a time“一段时间/时期”，when引导定语从句，修饰a time。其中，this is a time when+一般现在时/现在进行时；this was a time when+一般过去时/过去进行时。请看下面三个例子：
1.There is a time when I have to depend on myself for a living.
2.There was a time when I had to depend on myself for a living.
3.That was a time when black people were treated badly.
三
It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.From Unit3 Old Tom the Killer Whale（选修七）
【重点句型突破】It is/was a time when...翻译为“曾经一度……那时”。具体用法如下：
1.It was a time when she could not bear the pressure of the examinations and the parents and wanted to give up.（她曾经一度无法忍受各种考试和家长的压力，想放弃学习。）
2.It was a time when university students were few.（那时，大学生很少。）
四
The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power；it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face...From Unit1 Anne’s Best Friend（必修一）；另外，在选修七 Unit5 Travelling Abroad 一文也用到了类似的结构：It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.
【重点句型突破】it is/ was the first/second/third... time +that从句。其中that常被省略。It is the first /second/third...time+从句的句型中，从句用现在完成时；It was the first/second/third...time+从句的句型中，从句用过去完成时。如：
1.It is the first time that we have visited Beijing.（这是我们第一次参观北京。）
2.It was the first time that I had eaten this delicious food.（这是我第一次吃到这么美味的食品。）
在具体的运用中，it还可以换成that，this.然而，关于该结构后面从句是否只能用完成体时态，语言学界似乎还有一些争论。
五
So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.From Unit1John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”.（必修五）另外，在Unit3 Inventors and Inventions（选修八）中也有这样的句子：Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.
【重点句型突破】every time，每次做……的时候；each time，每次，每当，总是。如：
1.A photo is taken each time you press the button.（每按一次按钮就拍一张照片。）
2.Every time I think about the sad experience，I feel very sorry for my best friend.（每次想起那伤感的往事，我就觉得非常对不起我的好朋友。）
另外，类似结构还有：any/next/the first/the last time，依次可翻译为：任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次。
六
1.This is the first time we？摇？摇？摇 ？摇 the Great Wall in Beijing together as a family.
A.visit B.had visited C.visited D.have visited
2.？摇？摇 ？摇？摇was a time ？摇 ？摇？摇？摇China led the world in civilization.
A.It；before B.There；when C.It；that D.There；then
3.This was a time ？摇 ？摇？摇？摇were still slaves in the United States.
A.when they B.when there C.that when D.there when
4.Lily’s mom always brings her some nice gifts？摇 ？摇？摇？摇 she comes back home from Shanghai.
A.by the time B.all the time C.every time D.in the time
5.This is the second time？摇？摇？摇 ？摇I have been here.
A.when B.that C，which D.in which
6.The first time？摇？摇 ？摇？摇 he saw her，he fell in love with her.
A.when B.that C，which D.in which
7.This was at a time？摇？摇 ？摇？摇there were no radios，no telephones or no Tv sets.
A.when B.that C，which D.which
（参考答案1—7：DBBCBBA）
参考文献：
[1]普通高中课程标准实验教科书（人教版）ISBN978—7—107.
[2]朗文当代英汉双解词典（第一版）.英—中6—2/A2403.
[3]刘润清.语言测试和它的方法[M].外语教学与研究出版社，1991.
