看图作文讲解

假设你是中学生李华，最近发现有些同学经常到学校附近的网吧（cyber cafe）玩。几天前，你也去了一次，发现了许多不良现象，请根据下面四幅图画所示内容，写一封信给报社编辑，发表看法，提出建议。

注意：1． 图画内容应全部包含，可适当补充细节；

2． 观点积极、正确；

3． 词数：120左右；

4． 参考词汇：因特网Internet聊天chat vi. & n. 在线的online

【学生作文】

Dear editor,

I am Li Hua. Recently, I have found some students often go to the net bar near our school to play with the computer. I also went into the net bar before some days and found many bad phenomenon. For example:

Once after school, many students went into the net bar, even forgot to have meals. They also watch films on the Internet and play the computer well. They chat with their online friends from time to time and send letters or e-mail for love.

As far as I’m concerned, students should learn knowledge with their best. They shouldn’t do something bad because they are only a child. They must achieve great progress in their study so that they can have a very good future.

【教师点评】

此篇习作基本覆盖了所要求的全部要点，对学生上网这种不良行为也坚持了自己积极的态度，但语言结构松散，分段太乱，从而使得整体不紧凑，而且最基本的语言错误较多，所以尽管有些地方使用了比较高级的词汇，也不能使本篇文章进入较高档次，只能属于第三档。

【教师修改】

1. 格式不完整

只有开始的呼语，却缺少结尾处的Yours truly, Li Hua

2. 段落混乱

在列举学生在网吧里的不良现象时使用一段就够了，根本不需要分段列举。

3. 语言运用错误

（1） 单复数问题错误

many bad phenomenon应改为many bad phenomena；而they are only a child则是个令人生气的错误，说明没有基本的语言感觉，应为they are only children.

（2） 语言表达不准确

play with the computer是“与电脑玩”的意思，而“玩电脑游戏”是play the computer games；

For example用于“举例”，而“列举”应该为such as；

play the computer well应该为play the computer games well；

send letters or e-mail for love应该为send love letters or e-mails；

learn knowledge with their best应该为try/do their best to learn knowledge。

（3） 语言表达错误

before some days这纯属是望文造词，“几天前”应该是the other day；

watch films是犯了交叉搭配的错误，“看电影”应该为see a film，而“看电视”则是watch TV；

Once after school 这里有两处错误：一是想象造词after school，二是Once后一般跟句子。所以此处应改为Once school is over。

【修改后的文章】

Dear editor,

I’m a middle school student named Li Hua. I’m writing to tell you something.

Recently I have found some students often go to the cyber cafe near our school to play the computer games. I also went into the cyber cafe the other day and found many bad phenomena. When school was over, many students went into the cyber cafe, and even forgot to have meals. They see films on the Internet and play the computer games as well. They chat with their online friends from time to time and send love letters or e-mail.

As far as I’m concerned, cyber cafes should be a place where we can find much useful information. Internet should be a window to the outside world rather than a place for playing games. Internet is good if we make good use of it. So students should try their best to learn knowledge. They shouldn’t do anything bad because they are only children. They must achieve great progress in their study so that they can have a very good future.

Yours,

Li Hua

【写作步骤】

看图作文的关键步骤在于：

1. 仔细观察，读懂图意

这是看图作文的最关键的一步：只有弄清楚了图片透漏出的各方面信息，才能有效地掌握全部要点，也才有继续向前走的可能，否则，一切都是白费。

2. 判断题材，确定格式

在读懂所给图片的意思之后，还要根据其他方面的材料或提示，准确判断出此篇书面表达应该以什么样的形式问世――通知、书信还是其他。

3. 确定人称、时态结构

通常在一篇书面表达中只使用一个人称，但有时也不尽然，也会出现人称转变的情况。可是时态的使用就要根据具体情况而定了，不过要尽量考虑同一段内使用一个类型的时态，尽量不交叉使用。

4. 留心时间，图片背景

有时图片在很不显眼的地方，用很小的字体给出事件的发生时间；或者简短的几个字就给出了图片所描述事件发生时的背景，如果没有仔细观察，就很容易遗漏这些看似不重要但实际却不能少的要点。

5. 按图顺序，编拟要点

搞清以上所提信息后，就要根据图片所给的信息排列要点顺序，其优点在于不会因疏忽而遗漏要点。当然如有把握完全可以打乱原有顺序，以另一种自己认为合情合理的顺序行文。

6. 组词成句，加工润色

将要点用重点词和短语写出对大多数人来说并不太难，其关键在于不能通篇简单句。要充分利用已经学过的英语语法知识，如定语从句，状语从句，名词性从句，倒装句，强调句型等，充实到原来的简单句中形成复合句，或者把原来的两句简单句合并为并列句，能使用并列复合句就更好了。

7. 仔细检查，纠正错误

草稿之后的检查工作同样重要，全面细致的复检可让原本优秀的书面表达锦上添花。如字母大小写、标点符号、单词拼写、恰当使用词组等看似很小的问题。

8. 拍板定段，排版抄写

检查工作后，如果发现不了错误，就可以拍板定稿了。但在抄写之前依然要考虑两个问题：从整体上考虑版面设计问题，所写内容以几个段落出现。再加上优美的英语书写，给人以美观大方，赏心悦目的感觉，怎能不令人心旷神怡！

根据图画作文的特点，可以大致有如下的写作思路：

首先描述图画的大致情况，然后对图画进行适当的阐释（解释、说明和分析），最后给出自己的建议、观点、原因，等等。一般写三段。

可以简单地表述为：

第一段：说明图表――主题句＋图表说明1＋图表说明2

如， As the bar chart shows, ...

第二段：说明引起变化的原因――主题句＋原因1＋原因2＋原因3

如，Several factors contribute to（原因1）. And（原因2）. Furthermore,（原因3）. All these result in__________.

第三段：说明影响或者提出解决办法――主题句+建议+前景预测

具体可以表现为：

第一段：描述图画

1. As is vividly shown in the picture （drawing/table） above, 图画的内容。The picture（drawing/table） tells us that 这个图片的大致反映的意思。

第二段：解释、说明和分析图片

1. The implied meaning of the picture should be taken into account seriously. First/To begin with, 揭示涵义/原因/结果1，Second/What’s more, 揭示涵义/原因/结果 2。Last but not least/Finally, 揭示涵义/愿意/结果3。

第三段：给出自己的看法和想法以及解决问题的办法

1. In my view/point of view（or As for me）, we should take some measures as follows to deal with the problems followed in the picture. First, we should 具体的措施1. And then we have to / must 具体的措施2. Only in these ways, can we solve the problem of 具体的问题.

2. It is true that these unique/social points can/could together remind us that we should take some measures to solve it. 采取的措施1和2. Only in this way can we 实现的目标！

【活学活用】

观察下面图画，图中对这一青年男女的行为发表自己的看法。（120词左右）

【范文】

As is vividly shown in the picture, the boy and the girl went away leaving the melon’s skin on the bench, which makes it very dirty. They didn’t want to throw it into the dustbin although it was very near. On the contrary, they said that there would be someone who should clean the rubbish.

The implied meaning of the picture should be taken into account seriously. To begin with, what they did violates the public morality. If everyone behaves in this way, the world will be a big rubbish dump with flies flying round and people will live in a world of diseases. What’s more, dustmen will work hard to clean the world that we live in.

In my point of view, we should take some measures to deal with this kind of problems. First, we should educate all people to have the habit of keeping clean. And then we have to make some laws to prevent these bad behaviors. Only in these ways can we solve the problem of making public places clean.