替代词one/ones的用法

替代词 one/ones 常常用来代替上文提到过的名词,以避免重复｡例如:

I don’t like this book. Show me a more interesting one.

There are good films as well as bad ones.

但在具体使用的过程中,同学们常常会出一些错｡下面拟通过一些实例分析,以说明替代词 one/ones 的用法｡

1. 忌用 one/ones 替代不可数名词｡遇到不可数名词往往采用“重复使用”或“省略”的方法｡例如:

误: I prefer white coffee to black one.

正: I prefer white coffee to black/black coffee.

2. 忌把 one 与不定冠词 a 直接连用,但前面有形容词修饰时,其前方可加 a/an｡例如:

误: Can you play the violin? There is a one in the room.

正: Can you play the violin? There is one/a new one in the room.

3. 忌把 one/ones 与形容词性物主代词直接连用,在两者之间插入适当的形容词后方可使用｡例如:

误: My bike is too old. Let’s take your one.

正: My bike is too old. Let’s take your new one.

4. 忌把 ones 与基数词直接连用,在两者之间插入适当的形容词后方可使用｡例如:

―How many birds have you caught?

误:―I have caught nine ones.

正:―I have caught nine small ones/nine.

5. 在名词所有格的后面忌用 one/ones｡例如:

误: This is my house and that’s Robert’s one.

正: This is my house and that’s Robert’s.

6. 在 both 和 own 的后面忌用 one/ones｡例如:

误: I prefer red roses to white ones, but he likes both ones.

正: I prefer red roses to white ones, but he likes both.

误: They don’t like our country; they want to go back to their own one.

正: They don’t like our country; they want to go back to their own (country).

7. 无定语修饰时,忌单独使用 ones,此时须用 some 或“some + 形容词 + ones”｡例如:

误: Are these your books? I want to borrow ones.

正: Are these your books? I want to borrow some/some interesting ones.

8. 忌用 one 特指同一事物｡ one 只能泛指同类事物中的任何一个,即同类异物,而 it 则特指同类同物｡例如:

误: I want a colour TV set, but I have no enough money to buy it.

正: I want a colour TV set, but I have no enough money to buy one.

误: I want this colour TV set, but I have no enough money to buy one.

正: I want this colour TV set, but I have no enough money to buy it.