褪黑素与乳腺癌大鼠外周血Treg相关细胞因子的关系研究

时间:2022-06-01 07:17:12

褪黑素与乳腺癌大鼠外周血Treg相关细胞因子的关系研究

【摘要】 目的:研究褪黑素乳腺癌大鼠外周血血清中转化生长因子β1(Transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)和白介素35(Interleukin-35,IL-35)水平的关系,分析褪黑素对乳腺癌大鼠外周血中调节性T细胞(Regulatory T cell,treg cell)相关细胞因子及肿瘤免疫的影响。方法:选用两月龄雌性SD大鼠60只,接种大鼠乳腺癌SHZ-88细胞,按照随机数字表法分成实验组(注射褪黑素)和对照组(注射生理盐水),10 d后乳腺癌大鼠荷瘤动物模型建成,抽取大鼠股动脉外周血,采用ELISA法检测外周血血清中TGF-β1、IL-35的浓度。结果:实验组乳腺癌大鼠外周血TGF-β1浓度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P

【关键词】 褪黑素; 乳腺癌; Treg细胞; 转化生长因子β1; 白介素35

Study on Relationship between Melatonin and Treg Related Cytokines in Peripheral Blood of Rats with Breast Cancer/HUANG Yu-dian,ZHENG Xi,XUE Yu-qin,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2017,14(11):028-030

【Abstract】 Objective:To study the relationship between melatonin and expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and interleukin-35 in peripheral blood serum of breast cancer rats,and to analyze the effect of melatonin on regulatory T cell related cytokines in peripheral blood and tumor immunity of breast cancer rats.Method:A total of 60 female SD rats in age 2 months were selected,and the rat breast cancer SHZ-88 cells were inoculated in the rats.The rats were randomly divided to the experimental group injected with Melatonin and the control group injected with saline.The tumor bearing animal models of breast cancer rats were established on the 10th day after inoculating.The peripheral blood of rats femoral artery,and the concentrations of TGF-β1 and

IL-35 in peripheral blood serum were detected by ELISA method.Result:In the experimental group,the concentration of TGF-β1 in peripheral blood of breast cancer rats was lower than that of the control group(P

【Key words】 Melatonin; Breast cancer; Treg cell; TGF-β1; IL-35

First-author’s address:Fuzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350009,China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.11.008

乳腺癌的l生发展与机体内免疫功能失常,对肿瘤细胞缺乏识别和杀灭能力,导致肿瘤实现免疫逃避从而不断增殖浸润和远处转移密切相关[1]。已有研究表明机体内Treg细胞表达的细胞因子在维持肿瘤免疫微环境中起重要作用,其中转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)和白介素35(IL-35)对恶性肿瘤的进展具有促进作用[2-3]。褪黑素是由松果体分泌的具有调控机体生物节律、抗氧化、抗肿瘤作用的神经内分泌激素,是否能影响恶性肿瘤中Treg相关细胞因子表达尚待研究[4-5]。本研究通过建立乳腺癌大鼠荷瘤动物模型,研究褪黑素与乳腺癌大鼠外周血中TGF-β1和IL-35的关系,探讨褪黑素对乳腺癌中Treg相关细胞因子和肿瘤免疫的影响。

1 材料与方法

1.1 实验动物和试剂 选用两月龄雌性SD大鼠60只,体重范围(200±10)g,标准饲养。按照随机数字表法分为两组,分别为注射生理盐水的对照组和按15 mg/(kg・d)注射褪黑素的实验组,每组30只。大鼠乳腺癌SHZ-88细胞购于上海生命科学院,褪黑素购于美国Sigma公司,TGF-β1和IL-35的ELISA试剂盒购于美国R&D公司。

1.2 建立动物模型 乳腺癌细胞株于培养瓶中传代培养,当癌细胞培养至对数生长期时,吹打制成单细胞悬液,每只大鼠按5×105个细胞量在根部皮下接种SHZ-88乳腺癌单细胞悬液,

1次/只。自接种日起,每日18∶00分别按对照组和实验组的不同干预手段,给予腹腔内注射生理盐水或15 mg/(kg・d)的褪黑素,1次/d。接种后第10天可在接种处触及皮下瘤块,抽取另一侧大腿股动脉外周血待检测,处死荷乳腺癌大鼠,切除接种处瘤块并经病理切片观察证实为乳腺癌。

1.3 ELISA法检测 采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测大鼠外周血血清中TGF-β1、IL-35的水平,操作严格按照ELISA试剂盒说明书,检测过程设置标准品和空白对照,根据标准曲线计算出样品中TGF-β1、IL-35的浓度。

1.4 统计学处理 采用SPSS 20.0软件对所得数据进行统计分析,计量资料用(x±s)表示,比较采用t检验,P

2 结果

2.1 两组外周血中TGF-β1水平比较 实验组(注射褪黑素)乳腺癌大鼠外周血TGF-β1浓度为(132.4±25.7)pg/mL,低于对照组(注射生理盐水)乳腺癌大鼠外周血TGF-β1的(157.7±40.6)pg/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=2.8839,P

2.2 两组外周血中IL-35水平比较 实验组(注射褪黑素)乳腺癌大鼠外周血IL-35浓度为(95.8±23.2)pg/mL,低于对照组(注射生理盐水)乳腺癌大鼠外周血IL-35的(112.2±29.7)pg/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=2.3835,P

3 讨论

褪黑素是由松果体分泌的一种生物活性物质,属于吲哚类神经内分泌激素[6]。褪黑素具有高度脂溶性和水溶性,易透过细胞膜,主要在肝脏内代谢转化为多功能的吲哚胺而发挥生物学效应,另有少量经肾脏排泄,褪黑素半衰期短,不易蓄积,因此毒性很小[7]。褪黑素具有多种生理功能,呈昼夜波动性分泌,具有调节机体生物节律、激素分泌、免疫功能的作用,尤其是神经-内分泌-免疫调节方面功能的异常与恶性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关[8]。Vigoré等[9]研究表明褪黑素能通过抑制Treg细胞相关免疫效应拮抗恶性肿瘤进展,但其机制尚未明确。Treg细胞是具有免疫抑制功能的T细胞亚群,在维持机体免疫耐受,抑制机体过度免疫反应,诱导肿瘤免疫逃避等方面具有极其重要的作用;相关研究表明,多种恶性肿瘤中Treg细胞产生的数量增多,且与肿瘤的恶性度、分期呈正相关,而与生存预后负相关[10-11]。关于Treg细胞发挥其免疫抑制作用的机制,除了与树突状细胞(DC)直接结合抑制DC和效应T细胞功能外,还有通过分泌Treg相关的抑制性细胞因子抑制机体免疫的途径。在恶性肿瘤发生发展过程中TGF-β1和IL-35是非常重要的Treg相关细胞因子[12-13]。

转化生长因子β1基因定位于染色体19q13.1,由两条相同多肽链经二硫键相连构成二聚体,TGF-β1是转化生长因子超家族中具有代表性的分子,主要由Treg细胞表达,与肿瘤的进展关系密切[14-15]。TGF-β1发挥促肿瘤生长的机制除了通过激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶通路促进肿瘤胞增殖,还能负调控免疫活性细胞如自然杀伤细胞和单核细胞等导致机体对肿瘤的免疫作用受到抑制,应用TGF-β1结合蛋白、TGF-β1抗体或反义

TGF-β1 mRNA可以中和TGF-β1的作用,拮抗肿瘤的侵袭转移[14-16]。本研究结果显示,注射褪黑素的荷乳腺癌大鼠外周血中TGF-β1浓度显著低于注射生理盐水的对照组荷瘤大鼠,表明褪黑素能有效降低Treg细胞的TGF-β1表达量,抑制TGF-β1的促肿瘤生长作用,提示褪黑素能通过下调Treg相关细胞因子表达的途径,发挥其对乳腺癌发生发展的抑制作用。

白介素35是1997年Devergne等[17]发现的一种新型抗炎细胞因子EBI3-p35,属于IL-12家族,由Treg细胞特异性产生,不仅能抑制效应T细胞,还能诱导T细胞转化为更具有抑制活性的调节性

T细胞(iTr35)。正常情况下,机体Treg细胞不会产生IL-35,但在发生自身免疫性疾病、恶性肿瘤等情况时,其表达量上升[18-19]。IL-35可通过增强肿瘤细胞免疫逃避能力、提高肿瘤细胞增殖能力等作用促进肿瘤的侵袭转移[20-21]。本研究结果显示,注射褪黑素的荷乳腺癌大鼠外周血中IL-35浓度显著低于注射生理盐水的对照组荷瘤大鼠,提示褪黑素能使Treg细胞显著减少IL-35的表达,改变Treg细胞相关的乳腺癌免疫微环境,降低Treg相关细胞因子介导的肿瘤免疫逃避能力,发挥褪黑素的抗乳腺癌作用。

褪黑素具有抑制乳腺癌机体外周血中Treg相关细胞因子表达的作用,可以拮抗Treg细胞的免疫抑制功能,减少乳腺癌细胞的免疫逃避,增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫反应,从而控制肿瘤的进展,因此褪黑素治疗有望成为抗乳腺癌治疗的新途径之一。

参考文献

[1] Gameiro S R,Malamas A S,Tsang K Y,et al.Inhibitors of histone deacetylase 1 reverse the immune evasion phenotype to enhance T-cell mediated lysis of prostate and breast carcinoma cells[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(7):7390-7402.

[2] Chen Z F,Xu Q,Ding J B,et al.CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg and TGF-beta play important roles in pathogenesis of Uygur cervical carcinoma[J].Eur J Gynaecol Oncol,2012,33(5):502-507.

[3] Nicholl M B,Ledgewood C L,Chen X,et al.IL-35 promotes pancreas cancer growth through enhancement of proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis:evidence for a role as an autocrine growth factor[J].Cytokine,2014,70(2):126-133.

[4] Najeeb S,Khurshid Z,Zohaib S,et al.Therapeutic potential of melatonin in oral medicine and periodontology[J].Kaohsiung J Med Sci,2016,32(8):391-396.

[5] Xiang S,Dauchy R T,Hauch A,et al.Doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer is driven by light at night-induced disruption of the circadian melatonin signal[J].J Pineal Res,2015,59(1):60-69.

[6] Reiter R J,Tamura H,Tan D X,et al.Melatonin and the circadian system:contributions to successful female reproduction[J].Fertil Steril,2014,102(2):321-328.

[7] Leibowitz A,Volkov A,Voloshin K,et al.Melatonin prevents kidney injury in a high salt diet-induced hypertension model by decreasing oxidative stress[J].J Pineal Res,2016,60(1):48-54.

[8] Han Y,Demorrow S,Invernizzi P,et al.Melatonin exerts by an autocrine loop antiproliferative effects in cholangiocarcinoma:its synthesis is reduced favoring cholangiocarcinoma growth[J].Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,2011,301(4):G623-633.

[9] Vigoré L,Messina G,Brivio F,et al.Psychoneuroendocrine modulation of regulatory T lymphocyte system:in vivo and in vitro effects of the pineal immunomodulating hormone melatonin[J].In Vivo,2010,24(5):787-789.

[10] Cannioto R A,Sucheston-Campbell L E,Hampras S,et al.The Association of Peripheral Blood Regulatory T-Cell Concentrations With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer:A Brief Report[J].Int J Gynecol Cancer,2017,27(1):11-16.

[11] Timperi E,Pacella I,Schinzari V,et al.Regulatory T cells with multiple suppressive and potentially pro-tumor activities accumulate in human colorectal cancer[J].Oncoimmunology,2016,5(7):e1 175 800.

[12] Kim C S,Kim Y,Kwon T,et al.Regulatory T cells and TGF-β1 in clinically localized renal cell carcinoma:Comparison with age-matched healthy controls[J].Urol Oncol,2015,33(3):19-25.

[13] Pandiyan P,Zhu J.Origin and functions of pro-inflammatory cytokine producing Foxp3+ regulatory T cells[J].Cytokine,2015,76(1):13-24.

[14] Yamada N,Kuranaga Y,Kumazaki M,et al.Colorectal cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles induce phenotypic alteration of T cells into tumor-growth supporting cells with transforming growth factor-β1-mediated suppression[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(19):27033-27043.

[15] Huygens C,Liénart S,Dedobbeleer O,et al.Lysosomal-associated Transmembrane Protein 4B(LAPTM4B) Decreases Transforming Growth Factor β1(TGF-β1) Production in Human Regulatory T Cells[J].J Biol Chem,2015,290(33):20105-20116.

[16] Song H,Kim Y,Park G,et al.Transforming growth factor-β1 regulates human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell susceptibility to natural killer cells via modulation of the NKG2D ligands[J].Int J Mol Med,2015,36(4):1180-1188.

[17] Devergne O,Birkenbach M,Kieff E.Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 and the p35 subunit of interleukin 12 form a novel heterodimeric hematopoietin[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1997,94(22):12 041-12 046.

[18] Singh K,Kadesj? E,Lindroos J,et al.Interleukin-35 administration counteracts established murine type 1 diabetes――possible involvement of regulatory T cells[J].Sci Rep,2015,5:12 633.

[19] Jafarzadeh A,Jamali M,Mahdavi R,et al.Circulating levels of interleukin-35 in patients with multiple sclerosis:evaluation of the influences of FOXP3 gene polymorphism and treatment program[J].J Mol Neurosci,2015,55(4):891-897.

[20] Jin P,Ren H,Sun W,et al.Circulating IL-35 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients[J].Hum Immunol,2014,75(1):29-33.

[21] Tao Q,Pan Y,Wang Y,et al.Regulatory T cells-derived

IL-35 promotes the growth ofacute myeloid leukemia blasts[J].Int J Cancer,2015,137(10):2384-2393.

上一篇:千元机:便宜有好货 下一篇:肝癌患者血液中VEGF―C、VEGF―D和受体VEGFR―...