新目标英语七年级(下)重点词语解析(Units 9～10)

Unit 9How was your weekend?

1. visit v. 拜访;访问

I visited my grandmother.(P54) 我看望了我的祖母｡

They are visiting the factory. 他们正在参观工厂｡

[解析] visit 用作及物动词,后接表示“人”的名词作宾语时,意为“拜访(看望)某人”,后跟表示“地方”的名词作宾语时,意为“参观某地”｡ visit 还可以表示医生到病人家出诊｡如:

Doctors sometimes visit patients at home. 有时候医生到病人家给病人看病｡

2. What about...? ……怎么样?/你认为……如何?

What about your friend, Carol?(P54) 你的朋友卡罗尔呢?

What about something to drink? 来点喝的怎么样?

What about going to a movie with me? 跟我去看电影怎么样?

[解析]“What about...?”用来征询对方的看法､意见､建议或询问消息､了解情况等｡其中的 about 是介词,后跟名词､代词或动词-ing形式｡

3. stay v. 停留;留下

On Saturday evening, seven kids watched a movie or stayed at home and watched TV.(P57) 星期六晚上七个孩子看电影或呆在家里看电视｡

Must I stay here now? 我现在必须留在这儿吗?

[解析] stay 与 live 比较:

stay 指在某处暂时停留､逗留或短期居住｡如:

I am staying at a hotel. 我暂时住在一家旅馆里｡

He stayed there for half an hour. 他在那里呆了半个小时｡

live 指较长时间在某处居住和生活｡如:

His brother lives in Italy. 他的兄弟住在意大利｡

4. at home 在家

They are always at home on Sundays. 他们星期天总是在家｡

Is your father at home? 你父亲在家吗?

[解析] home 与 at home比较:

home 用作副词,常与表示运动趋向的动词(go, come, get, arrive, drive 等)或与 be 动词连用,其前不能加 to｡如:

Oh, I must go home. 哦,我必须回家了｡

He usually gets home at five in the afternoon. 他通常下午五点钟到家｡

Is he home from work? 他下班回家了吗?

at home 是固定短语,意为“在家”, home 是名词,表示地点,前面不加冠词｡如:

Sorry, he’s not at home. 对不起,他不在家｡

I stayed at home all day yesterday. 昨天我在家里呆了一整天｡

表示“在某人家”时,则应用短语“in one’s home”或“in the home of...”｡如:

Do you have a pet in your home? 你家里有宠物吗?

5. do some reading 读;阅读

I did some reading last night. 昨天晚上我看了一会儿书｡

[解析] do 后跟动词的-ing形式表示某一具体的行为或动作,如: do some shopping 买东西; do some washing 洗衣服; do some cooking 做饭(菜); do some cleaning 打扫卫生｡

6. practice v. 练习;实践

I practiced my guitar.(P57) 我练了练吉他｡

You must practice it every day. 你得每天练习｡

[解析] practice 是美国英语,既可用作动词,也可用作名词; practice 在英国英语中只用作名词,动词是 practise｡表示“练习做某事”,应该用 practice doing something,而不可以说 practice to do something｡试译:现在咱们练习唱这首新歌｡

误: Now let’s practice to sing the new song.

正: Now let’s practice singing the new song.

7. look for 寻找

Old Henry looked for his dog.(P58) 老亨利寻找他的狗｡

He is looking for the post office. 他在找邮局｡

[解析] look for 与 find 比较:

look for 意为“寻找”,着重“找”的动作和过程,如:

The little girl is looking for her pen. 那个小女孩正在找她的钢笔｡

Are you still looking for a job? 你还在找工作吗?

find 意为“找到”,强调“寻找”的结果｡如:

Can you find these places? 你能找到这些地方吗?

He is looking for his book, but he can’t find it. 他正在找他的书,可是找不到｡

8. play with 和……玩;玩(弄)……

He sat down and watched Wang Wang play with a friendly black cat.(P58) 他坐下来看汪汪逗一只友好的黑猫｡

She likes playing with her pets. 她喜欢和她的宠物玩｡

[解析] play 与 play with 比较:

play 可用作及物动词,后跟表示球类或棋､牌的名词(名词前不用冠词)作宾语,意为“打/踢球”､“打(牌)”或“下(棋)”｡其后还可以跟表示乐器的名词(前面须用冠词)作宾语,意为“弹”､“拉”或“演奏”｡如:

They played tennis.(P54) 他们打网球了｡

I have never played chess. 我从没下过棋｡

Do you like playing volleyball or football? 你喜欢打排球还是踢足球?

He is playing the guitar in the room. 他正在房间里弹吉他｡

play with 可以表示“与……一起玩”｡还可以用作一个固定短语,意为“玩(弄)……”｡如:

The boy played with his toy train. 那男孩在摆弄他的玩具火车｡

Don’t play with the fire. 别玩火｡

The children often play with snow after snowing. 下雪后孩子们常在一起玩雪｡

试比较:

The children are playing basketball. 孩子们在打篮球｡

The children are playing with a basketball. 孩子们在玩一个篮球｡

9. go for a walk 去散步

Last month, he went for a walk with Wang Wang, his cute dog.(P58) 上个月他同他的可爱小狗汪汪一起去散步｡

Do you often go for a walk after supper? 晚饭后你经常去散步吗?

10. no adj. 没有的;极少的

He has no dog and no family.(P58) 他没有狗也没有家｡

There are no classes this afternoon. 今天下午没有课｡

[解析] 1) He has no dog and no family.=He has no dog or family. 句中的 and no family 是 and he has no family 的省略说法｡如:

I have no pens and no pencils.(=I have no pens or pencils.) 我没有钢笔也没有铅笔｡

2) no 用作形容词时,直接置于名词之前,名词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式｡如:

I have no radio(s). 我没有收音机｡

但有时应依据实际情况而定｡如:

That dog has no tail. 那只狗没有尾巴｡(因为狗只有一条尾巴,当然要用tail的单数形式｡)

在否定可数名词单数时, no=not a;在否定可数名词复数或否定不可数名词时, no=not any｡如:

I have no friend.(=I do not have a friend.) 我没有朋友｡

There are no books on the desk.(=There are not any books on the desk.) 课桌上没有书｡

There is no water in the cup.(=There is not any water in the cup.) 茶杯里没有水｡

11. anything pron. 任何事;什么事

He doesn’t want to do anything. 他不想做任何事｡

Is there anything in the box? 箱子里有什么东西吗?

[解析] anything 只有单数形式,常用在否定句和疑问句中｡

Unit 10Where do you go on vacation?

1. cry v. 流泪;哭泣

I found a small boy crying in the corner.(P63) 我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭｡

The baby is crying for food. 婴儿哭着要东西吃｡

She looked at me and cried harder and harder. 她看看我,哭得越来越厉害｡

2. delicious adj. 美味的

We had Sichuan food for dinner. It was delicious!(P63) 晚餐我们吃了川菜,味道真好｡

[解析] delicious 与 nice 比较:

delicious 意为“美味的”或“可口的”,指味道与香气都好的美味食物｡如:

The fish is delicious. 这鱼的味道很好｡

The dish smells delicious. 这菜闻起来很香｡

nice 意为“好的”､“好看的”或“美味的”,是广泛使用的普通用语,凡是感官觉得好的都可以用｡如:

How nice the new shoes are! 这双新鞋真好看!

This apple is very nice(或delicious). 这苹果很好吃｡

3. in the corner 在角落里

There is a chair in the corner of the room. 屋子角落里有一把椅子｡

[解析] in the corner, at the corner 与 on the corner 比较:

in the corner 意为“在角落里”｡如:

Please put this desk in the corner. 请把这张桌子放在角落里｡

I found my pen in the corner of the classroom. 我在教室的一个角落里找到了我的钢笔｡

at the corner 意为“在拐角处”｡如:

Turn to the right at the corner. 到了拐角处向右转｡

His house is at the corner near the post office. 他的房子在邮局附近的拐角处｡

on the corner 意为“在(物件表面的)角上”或“在拐角处”｡如:

The dictionary is on the corner of the box. 词典在箱角上｡

He is waiting on(at) the corner of the street. 他正在街道拐角处等着｡

4. walk v. 走;步行;散步

I didn’t have any money for a taxi, so I walked back to the hotel.(P63) 我没有钱乘出租车,因此我步行回旅馆｡

They walked to their school together. 他们一起走到学校｡

[解析] go 与 walk 比较:

go 意为“离去”,不一定指步行走路｡它往往与带介词 to 的地点状语或带 by 的方式状语连用｡其主语可以是表示人､动物或非生物的名词或代词｡如:

People in the cities often go and help them. 城里的人经常去帮助他们｡

My watch won’t go. 我的表不走了｡

walk 指步行或无目的地的散步,其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词｡如:

They are walking along the street. 他们沿着大街散步｡

注意: walk 不能与短语 on foot(步行)连用,但可以说 go... on foot｡试译:他每天步行上学｡

误: He walks to school on foot every day.

正: He walks to school every day.

正: He goes to school on foot every day.

5. all day 整天;全天

It was sunny and hot all day.(P63) 当时,整天阳光照耀,气温很高｡

Must I stay in bed all day? 我必须整天卧床吗?

The shop is open all day. 这家商店全天营业｡

[解析] all 在该短语中是形容词,不表示数量概念,意为“整个的”或“所有的”｡所以 day 不能变为复数｡类似的短语还有: all afternoon 整个下午; all night 整夜; all that day 那天一整天; all yesterday 昨天一整天

6. discuss v. 讨论

Discuss with your classmates the best place for a vacation.(P64) 与你的同学一起讨论讨论度假的最佳地方｡

Did you discuss the questions? 你们讨论了这些问题吗?

[解析] discuss 是及物动词,注意在后面不要再加 about, on 等介词｡试译:让我们在会上讨论这个问题吧｡

误: Let’s discuss about it at the meeting.

正: Let’s discuss it at the meeting.