中德学校生活比较

I guess if you asked a Chinese student what he thinks about German high schools, then he’d say no homework at all, fun and without doing anything getting excellent marks. If you asked a German student in comparison, he’d say marching the whole day and studying the whole night through.

You see, I as a German student, wouldn’t agree to these prejudices and I’m sure a Chinese student wouldn’t either.

我猜想如果你问一个中国学生如何看待德国的高中，他可能会说：没有作业，充满乐趣，轻而易举就能成绩优异。反过来，如果你问一个德国学生如何看待中国的高中，他会说通宵达旦地学习。作为德国学生的我不能认同这些偏激的说法，我相信你也不会认同。

And to put an end on these prejudices, I decided to give you a small overview about the differences at school in these two countries:

Chinese students spend most of their time at school. They’re living, eating, sleeping and of course learning at school. For a German student that would be revolutionary. He or she lives, mostly eats and sleeps at home. There exist some rare students who attend boarding schools but the majority attend public schools.

为能真正了解事实，我决定就两国学校的不同作些粗略比较。中国学生大部分时间在学校，包括住、食、睡，当然还有学习。这对一个德国学生而言是很难接受的。只有极少数学生就读于寄宿学校，大多数学生还是在公立学校学习。

The schools in Germany expects their students to wear suitable clothes, which means no mini-skirts or belly-free tops. Except of those a student can wear whatever he or she wants to. The German government sometimes thinks about making the students wear uniforms in an attempt to unique them, but until now we as the students could always prevent that (e.g. by demonstrations). We are also allowed to wear jewelry or make-up and don’t need to cut our hair. The teacher aren’t always happy about these circumstances because female students wearing skirts or tight tops disturb the attention of male students during classes.

德国的学校希望学生能穿合适的衣服，即不穿超短裙和露脐装。除了这两样，学生能穿任何自己想穿的衣服。德国政府一度想要统一学生的着装，要求穿校服，但直到现在，我们还能抵制（比如通过示威游行的方式）。我们被允许戴首饰和化妆，也不需要剪头发。我们的老师对这种情况也很无奈，因为穿短裙或紧身衣的女生常会在课上分散男生的注意力。

The equipment of German schools is in comparison to Chinese schools old. Here in China every classroom has its own TV and overhead projector.In Germany many classes share one, which is quite exhausting because you need to rent it and sometimes there aren’t any available.

与中国学校相比，德国的教学设备就显得相形见绌了。在中国每个教室都有自己的电视机和投影机。在德国，很多班级共用一个，很麻烦。因为你需要提前预约，有时还约不到。

A common school in Germany consists of classrooms (each class max. 33 students), a sports hall and a sport field, some have a canteen, a computer room which everyone can use whenever and as often as he or she wants to.

在德国一般学校都会有教室（每个教室最多容纳33名学生）、室内和室外体育场，有的学校还有食堂和允许学生能随时进出使用的计算机房。

In comparison to the Chinese high schools, we don’t have an amount of required classes per day. The government orders for instance that 11th grade needs to attend 36 classes (each class 45min.) per week (in China 40 classes). It’s true that we often don’t need to attend classes in the afternoon but it’s just because in the morning we have 6 instead of 4 classes. In the weekends we never have lessons and in Germany we also don’t have monthly exams as it is custom in China. The government orders how many exams we need to writeduring the year and the teacher decides when it is written. Of course we also need to write tests before the regular lesson begins but not as often as my Chinese classmates need to.

和中国的高中课时相比，我们每天没有固定的课时。例如，政府只是规定11年级的学生每个星期需要上36节课的总课时（每节45分钟；中国每星期40节）。事实上，我们有时下午不用上课，是因为上午我们有6节课，而不是4节。周末没课。在德国我们也没有月考，这在中国好像很常见。德国政府会规定一年学习中的考试次数，由老师来自行决定考试时间。当然在常规课开课前，我们也会有摸底考试，但没有中国同学考得那么频繁。

I got really surprised when my classmates led me to the sports field for the first time to watch the Chinese national flag rise and to sing the national hymn. It also astonished me to do exercises every morning because in Germany we have none of it.

I don’t know if it exists here to go on a study trip with your class because I haven’t heard of it yet. In Germany every class goes on such a trip once during middle school and once during high school. At the end of middle school and/or high school the class also goes on a trip where they celebrate their exams. If a student cannot afford it the school will support him or her.

当我的同学第一次领我到操场观看中国的升旗仪式和唱国歌时，我吃惊万分。还有每天上午的出操也着实让我惊叹。因为在德国我们从来没有这样的仪式。

我不知道中国学生有没有出去郊游的活动，因为我还没有听说。但在德国每个班在初中和高中就读期间都会有一次外出。初三和高三毕业班还会再出去一次，庆祝他们的考试结束。如果有同学不能支付开支，政府会提供帮助。

We also organize special days such as Valentines Day (roses and envelopes for love-letters can be bought and are delivered by girls costumed as angels) or the Rio Day, where we are selling food and other self-made things in an attempt to collect money for the street kids in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).

It’s also common that you can attend so called “AG”s. It’s a kind of club at school where you meet with other students who share the same hobbies or preferences. For example I attended the Red Cross Club. You don’t need to go there but I loved to go because it’s a lot of fun and you also learn quite a lot.

我们还会组织一些特别的活动，比如在情人节，同学会买玫瑰花和用来写情书的信封，再由化装成天使的女生传递。或是在里约节，那天我们会卖食物和一些手工制品，筹来的钱用来资助巴西里约热内卢的贫困儿童。你也能参加被称作“AG”的社团。这是一种学校俱乐部，你能结交一些志同道合的朋友。比如，我参加了学校的“红十字会”，你可以不去这个，但我很乐意去那，因为这很有乐趣，也能学会很多东西。

Now I have told you many things about the life around school but isn’t learning the meaning of going to school?!

Well, the lessons in Germany are also very different to the Chinese ones. Chinese teachers prepare themselves properly and mostly use PowerPoint. German teachers are often, well how to describe them correctly, maybe a little old-fashioned and sometimes even lazy which means some of them don’t prepare their lessons and mostly don’t use PowerPoint. They think it is us who should speak, think and prepare. They often tell us a new topic and then let us discuss the pro and contras or telling what we think about it. We also need to prepare presentations, which means the teacher divides us into small groups who need to present a topic to their classmates.

至此，我谈了很多学校的业余生活，而我们去学校的意义不就是为了去学习的吗？在德国，上课和中国的情况也不一样。中国的老师会精心备课，大量使用幻灯片。德国老师却常常是，怎么说呢，他们或许有点跟不上潮流，有时甚至有点懒。有些老师不备课，大多数不使用幻灯片。他们认为该思考、讨论、准备的是学生。他们常常给我们一个话题，让我们从正反两方面来讨论或是说出我们的想法。我们还需要准备演讲，因为老师会把我们分成几个小组，要求我们在其他同学面前陈述观点。

In my opinion German lessons are mostly about presentations and discussions whereas Chinese lessons mostly consist of listening to the teacher and learning as fast as possible. They never question what they are taught or arguing with the teacher about some skeptical topics as we do.

It was also new for me that students don’t get any oral marks. In Germany every student gets an oral mark which influences the final mark in a subject.

我觉得德国的课堂大多数是演讲和讨论，但在中国课堂主要是听老师说和尽可能快地学。他们从来不质疑老师教的，或是和老师就有疑问的问题辩论，而这在我们那是很普遍的。还有一点我觉得新鲜的是中国学生从来没有口语分数。在德国，学生的某一学科的口语表达分数要影响期末成绩的。

As I have said before you cannot compare Chinese and German high schools with each other. They are completely different, both have their advantages and disadvantages.

Nevertheless I feel here in China very comfortable and although some of the school rituals are strange to me, I got used to it and now everything seems almost natural to me.

I am sure if my class had not acted and behaved the way they did, I wouldn’t feel so secure and welcome here. That’s why I want to thank you for making me a part of your class and for helping me finding my way through.

正如我之前所述，你很难对德国和中国的高中进行完全的比较，因为他们实在大相径庭，彼此都有自己的优缺点。

然而，我在中国很开心，虽然一些校规对我而言有些奇怪，现在我已经逐渐习惯，所有的事情都变得顺理成章。我确信如果我们班同学改变现在的行为方式，我一定会觉得别扭和不安。这就是为什么我要感激你们让我成了你们中的一员，感激你们帮助我找到我前进的路。