浅析Therebe句型

There be 英语语法中的一种特殊的句式。

一、意义

There be 表示在某地或某段时间内有（存在）某人某物。

二、句型结构

There be +名词 +介词短语

在There be 中，名词作主语，因为名词都是三人称，所以be的变化只有is 和are 。并根据就近原则，第一个名词是单数，用is，是复数，用are。

例如：There is a pen on the desk.

书桌上有一只钢笔

There are some birds in the sky.

天空中有一些鸟儿。

There is an apple， two oranges， three pears on the table.

桌子上有一个苹果、两个橘子和三个梨。

There are 45 students and a teacher in the classroom.

教室里有45个学生和一个老师。

三、时态

there be 结构的时态都是be由来变化。

一般现在时：there is / are + 名词 + 介词短语

There is some water in the glass.

杯子里有一些水。

There are many people on the playground.

操场上有很多人。

一般过去时：there was / were +名词 + 介词短语

There was a heavy rain yesterday in Beijing.

昨天北京下了一场大雨。

There were three basketball games in our school yesterday.

昨天我们学校有三场篮球赛。

一般将来时：there will be + 名词 + 介词短语

there is / are going to be + 名词 + 介词短语

There will be 2000 students in our school next year.

明年我们学校将有2000学生。

There is going to be a strong wind tomorrow.

明天将有一场大风。

There are going to be many new buildings in our hometown in ten years.

10年后我们家乡将有许多新建筑物。

四、含有情态动词的there be 句型

there + 情态动词 + be +名词 + 介词短语

There must be someone in the next room.

隔壁一定有人。

五、疑问句和否定句

疑问句就是把be动词放在there前面，否定句在be后加not。

Are there any boys in the room？

Yes， there are. No， there aren’t.

Is there any food in the fridge？

Yes， there is. No， there isn’t.

There isn’t any water in the glass.

There aren’t any people in the room.

六、there be +名词 + doing + 介词短语表示某地有某人或某物正在做……

There are some boys playing basketball on the playground.

操场上有一些男孩正在打球。

There are two birds flying in the sky.

天空中有两只鸟儿正在飞。

（作者单位 四川省剑阁县鹤龄中学）