小黑猩猩的福祉

时间:2022-08-12 11:08:45

合肥工业大学 常韦娜 编译

小黑猩猩,亦称为倭黑猩猩(pygmy chimpanzee)。 外形及生活习性酷似黑猩猩,但上肢更长更细,身体细长,面部不那么向前突出。小黑猩猩在野生环境中的数量在减少,主要原因是人类破坏其森林栖息地以及非法捕猎。

In the great ape family, bonobos are the cheeky, easy-going members. Not for them aggressive, chest-pounding displays of dominance. They are lovers, seldom fighters. In their female-dominated societies, individuals copulate to settle conflicts. Bonobos also engage in communal sex to ease strains at a new feeding site. To help save this singular and endangered primate, found only in the rain forests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the DRC government and U.S.-based Bonobo Conservation Initiative have created a vast sanctuary. Larger than the state of Massachusetts, the 11,803-square-mile Sankuru Nature Reserve likely harbors several thousand bonobos out of an estimated population of 50,000 (Number is inexact, as a decade of civil war has kept researchers out of the area). To make the reserve work, local communities have vowed to stop killing bonobos for meat, the chief threat, in return for development aid. Sankuru is the first part in a network of planned reserves to be called the Bonobo Peace Forest.

在猿类家族中,小黑猩猩是胖乎乎的、随和的种群,它们不会像其他种群的猩猩那样生性好斗、通过捶打自己的胸脯来显示威严。它们是亲密的伙伴,很少互相为敌。在这种母系族群中,个体通过解决冲突。在一个新的觅食地,小黑猩猩通过来缓解紧张情绪。倭黑猩猩只生存在刚果民主共和国的热带雨林。为了拯救这种特殊而又濒临灭绝的灵长类动物,刚果政府和来自美国的保护小黑猩猩倡议机构共同建立了一个大型的保护区。这个保护区甚至比马塞诸塞州还大,11803平方英里的桑库鲁自然保护区可能从总的50000只小黑猩猩中取数千只加以收容(这个数字不是很准确,10年内战期间禁止研究员来到这个地区)。为了做好保护工作,当地政府宣誓禁止为取食其肉而捕杀小黑猩猩(这是对倭黑猩猩的主要威胁),并以此作为换取开发援助的条件。桑库鲁是被称为小黑猩猩和平森林保护计划网的第一部分。

(责编:张雯)

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