Investigation and analysis of the application of the new material technology in

（Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000）

Abstract. Sports competition of the contemporary world in essence is the competition of science and technology, and advanced materials is one of important conditions improving technology level of sports science. This article analyzes the application of materials technology in competitive sports using the method of literature survey and logical analysis method. The results show that: the improvement of the performance of sports has a strong dependence on the new material; application of new materials in competitive sports raises the level of competitive sports and promotes the development of sports. It will further promote the scientification of sports equipment, venues and so on.

Key words: new materials; competitive sports; investigation; analysis

Modern information technology, nano technology, biological engineering and new materials, new energy is changing the human production and life style. Then what role should the sports science and technology play in the process of sports development in the new century? In the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, "high-tech" shines. Then the 2008 Olympics in Beijing put forward the concept "science and technology Olympics". In the national sports development strategy seminar held in Suzhou in March 2001, the strategy "science and education" was put forward. Therefore, the high technology, especially high-tech materials plays a decisive role in the process of competitive sports development. Through analysis of the application of present situation of high new material technology in competitive sports, we can understand the situation of current research in this field at home and abroad, and at the same time, can also provide reference for further application of high-tech materials in athletic sports. The most fundamental purpose is to clarify the relationship between high-tech and sports and to reveal the nature of competitive sports. Therefore it is of great value of research and practical significance

1. The role of new material technology in competitive sports and analysis method

1-1. The role of high technology in competitive sports

The application of new materials in sports is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is the direct application, and the other is the indirect application. Indirect application refers to sports venues, the referee equipment, information display, command and communication and other relevant materials demand. Direct application refers to equipment and athletes, including sports clothing, shoes, hats, training equipment and game equipment and other relevant materials demand. New materials currently used in sports equipment manufacturing are carbon fiber composite material, admiral fiber, boron fiber, new ceramic composite materials, amorphous metal fiber, single crystalline silicon carbide fiber, and thermoplastic plastic (resin). These new materials are widely used in tennis racket, badminton racket, golf club, various training game ball, bicycle racing, pole vaulting pole, a baseball bat, a fishing rod, ice skates, sticks, ski, ski mountaineering boots, rowing, rowing, surfboard, fencing, boxing, gymnastics training game, shooting and archery equipment, high jump equipment and other kinds of facilities. New materials in sports are widely used and greatly improve the quality and performance of the space and equipment, and ensure the security of the players use. Especially in recent years, with the significant progress of the new materials and new technology, the athlete's potential is greatly mobilized, thus promoting constant improvement of their own quality, enhancing the victory over self confidence, and also challenging themselves to put forward higher requirements and conquer nature.

1-2. Analytic methods

1-2-1. Literature review

1-2-2. Survey research method: On issues related to the research in Guangdong (main venue for the 9th national games), the relevant experts in Zhejiang and other places went for a visit or petition to collect data.

1-2-3. Logic analysis method: High and new technology contains many aspects, and the research focuses on the application of new materials technology. Competitive sports also contain many, with research on competition equipment, clothing etc. Through deduction and analysis, finally the conclusion is drawn.

2. Research results and analysis

At present in the high level sport, achievement approaches. In case that human physics reaches its limit, it is getting more and more difficult to improve performance by changing the inner variable. In order to promote the improvement of performance, more and more people are keen to use modern technology to change the external variables, namely, pay attention to sports equipment and equipment innovations. High permeability and application in modern sports facilities become more and more wide and there are many modern sports facilities constructed by new material technology.

2-1. Tracks for athletic running

Before the nineteen sixties, the runway used cinder mixed with sediment bedding. Since then, people invented plastic "tartan track". It is a kind of flexible runway of polymer materials for chemical synthesis, which improves the track and field competition and reduces the incidence of sports injuries.

2-2. Floor board

Sports floor requires a certain hardness, and moderate flexibility and buffer. Traditional wood floors can meet the requirements sports of mechanical characteristics on the floor. But natural wood with the high quality, and high performance several becomes less and less and the price is also more and more high, so there is an urgent need for a synthetic floor of high performance. After years of efforts, the experts found a coating floor model. The coating complex is made of rubber fragments similar to rice samples, consisting of base layer hardened 3% void coating and surface layer poly cool resin. It not only has good flexibility and moderate elastic, but also the heat and noise insulation and other functions.

2-3. Tennis racket and pole

Most of the projects in the competitive sports must carry on the use of instruments, so the effects of the device performance affect exercise performance considerably. Graphite rods and golf clubs made of glass fiber reinforced composites or carbon fiber, racket and composite materials have obvious advantages in terms of weight, strength or suction shock. The new material is used for the tennis racket quickly. In the 60s, rackets were almost made of wood; in the 70s they were made of aluminum and other light metal or alloy racket; Since the 80s, they experienced the application of high strength nylon, glass fiber, carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber (bulletproof material) and high strength carbon fiber high strength carbon fiber, high viscosity polymer. In the past two years, a composite material made of titanium metal and non metal of high strength material has once again become the hot products manufacturers recommended. This series of changes make the racket lighter, harder and more durable, and take in more shock absorption and vibration, eventually making various technical actions of tennis players can be more flexible. For example, Ace ball issued by Andy Roddick can reach 246.2km/h, which was previously unthinkable.

The key equipment of vault is the bar; it plays the important role of transferring the force, energy savings, so that athletes can jump across a certain height. The elastic properties and length of the bar is the key for the players to play the ability, and thus become the research center of researchers; In the pole vault movement, strut improvement has experienced 4 stages of the wood, bamboo, metal rod and glass fiber rod, with the corresponding best results respectively 2.29m, 4.30m, 4.83m and 6.15rn. Nano arterials technology produces a personalized bar according to the characteristics of the project and the characteristics of the pole vault competition rules and the athletes themselves to make the project world record again breakthrough.

2-4. Bicycle

The main factor that restricts the speed of the bicycle is from the resistance of the air. As the scientists predict, when the speed of the bike on the flat and smooth road is near 50km/h, about 90% of all the resistance comes from the air. And 2/3 of the air resistance is caused by the rider itself. In recent years the newly designed “super bike No. 2” specially for short distance race, takes the lead in using carbon fiber materials, Graphite fiber frame and disc wheel use the manufacture of stealth aircraft. Compared with the traditional bicycle using materials of aluminum alloy, the new bike is not only hard, solid, but the strength is also increased by 3 times, and the weight is only 7.2Kg with the body width only 2.5cm. The United States athletes at the 1995 Pan American Games used this new bike to set 1 world records and 3 Pan American records. In the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, the United States athletes used the bike known as type III bicycle. The tyre is made of silk with its pressure 250p per inch. The driver was wearing modified race suits; the suture is designed according to the flow characteristic of the air, and can reduce the friction. It is smoother than the skin. It can help the athletes to improve performance of 1~3s.

2-5. Football

Football is originated in China. About the materials of football, Xu Jian from the Tang Dynasty in "beginners mind" records, "In the ancient hair is tangled for skin. But now it uses the fur as the surface. Modern football is typically made of natural rubber inside and is covered with polyurethane and adopts the multi-layer production and strengthens lining. The 2002 World Cup soccer balls "fever nova" are all made of synthetic materials, synthetic leather surface of the layer is only 3mm thick, including high curing polyurethane, transparent polyurethane coating "and natural rubber materials and the organic combination of a total of up to 10 layers. This material is composed of many miniature airbags with the diameter of a 0.1mm, uniform size, high elasticity, excellent impact resistance. These miniature airbags are orderly arranged with the density tens of thousands per square centimeter. In addition to micro bubble mixed with plastic ball, in central air bladder are surrounded by layers of mesh, which is enhanced by very flexible material layer. Adidas Company calls it "raschel". When the athletes kick it, this layer of mesh can prevent football’s deformation, so that the ball’s movement direction will not change during the flight.

3. The future trend of development and application of high-tech materials in the competitive sport

New technology in the twenty-first century, are all affecting the development of competitive sports which has been studying the function of the human body from the molecular level. Its profound influence not only promotes the rapid growth of sports performance, but also promotes the scientific, humane, personalized development of competitive sports. The new material can be built to improve micro biochip, sports performance of the sensor, the interface of biological materials. They play a decisive role in muscle contraction, cell migration and differentiation, vesicle trafficking, signal transduction, especially DNA replication, curling and translation. People can develop a miniaturized biochip implanted subcutaneously, monitoring blood glucose level during the movement by simulating glucose detection system. Then according to the needs of human body, timely release sugar and other substances to maintain the blood glucose levels in the body during exercise in order to effectively improve the exercise capacity. Different micro biological chip can also be planted in body parts of players as well as artificial red blood cells with oxygen functional nano pump to improve the movement level of the human body, in order to effectively improve the oxygen transport capacity of athletes, and obtain excellent results. The nanometer sensor, we can monitor the change of the shape and number of structure caused by training within the cell. And these changes reflect the functional state of the organ structure, low cost and very fruitful health using nano remote control. In the study of sports fatigue mechanism, because of breakthroughs of the nanometer science and technology in medicine, the study on the mechanism of sports fatigue especially in the central nervous system and its target organs and target cells will be advanced. This makes the exercise fatigue and the mechanisms of fatigue have been elucidated. Method simplicity enables early detection and timely measures for the coaches to develop training programs directly and play a reference and supervisory role, and provides the basis for scientific training and regulation of the sports training process.

Because of the intense competitive sports, sports injury is inevitable. Therefore, repairing the injured body is more important than prevention. But how to make more of the drug through the skin and into the circulation of the blood and how to improve drug efficacy is still a problem. Research shows that nanotechnology and new materials may play functions in promoting the drug through the skin barrier. Nano medicine can have a stronger ability to penetrate due to the particles diameter and high selective adsorption ability, so as to make the more drugs through the skin and into the blood circulation, to improve drug efficacy. With the application of nanometer technology in traditional Chinese medicine, the traditional Chinese medicine has better prevention and treatment of sports injury and sports diseases. Nanometer ceramics have more broad application prospects in the field of artificial organs and clinical application of artificial joint, artificial bone, ossicular prosthesis manufacturing, provide the material guarantee for the disabled to improve sports and physical function and create the excellent sport achievement.

4. Conclusion

The development of modern sports must depend on the development of science and technology, and in turn the development of science and technology will promote the development of sports. The developed countries all over the world spare no efforts to apply all kinds of high technology and new materials to sports training and sports equipment to approach the limit of the region and have a new breakthrough in order to improve athletic performance. In the twenty-first century sports，multiphase composite materials, nanometer materials, superconductive materials, biological materials, environment and energy materials are being continuously developed and put into practical use, which will further promote the scientification of sports equipment, space science and will further stimulate human potential and improve the ability to challenge themselves to overcome the natural, and thus promoting the development of human civilization, and ultimately bring enormous and far-reaching influence on the development of human.

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