个体化营养管理对妊娠高血压疾病高风险孕妇围生期结局的影响

[摘要] 目的 探讨个体化的营养管理对妊娠高血压疾病高风险孕妇围生期结局的影响。 方法 选择2011年1月～2012年2月在我院规范产前检查且经妊娠高血压疾病风险筛查为高风险孕妇157例，按照孕妇意愿进行营养管理67例（观察组），按常规孕期保健但未进行营养管理90例（对照组），比较两组孕妇妊娠结局及围生儿结局。 结果 观察组孕妇妊娠高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期贫血、胎膜早破发生率明显低于对照组（P < 0.05），早产、胎儿窘迫，观察组新生儿窒息发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），观察组剖宫产分娩低于对照组（P < 0.05）。 结论 个体化的孕期营养管理能改善妊娠高血压疾病高风险孕妇的围生期结局，值得推广。

[关键词] 个体化营养管理；妊娠高血压；围生期

[中图分类号] R714 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）08（c）-0031-03

Influence of individualized nutritional management on the perinatal outcomes of the pregnancies in pregnancy hypertensive disorders high-risk

HOU Xiangping WU Shiyuan YUAN Jinjin KANG Zhaohai XIONG Jing

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Yueyang City in Hu'nan Province, Yueyang 414000, China

[Abstract] Objective To study the influence of individualized nutritional management to the perinatal outcomes of pregnancy hypertensive disorders in high-risk pregnancies. Methods 157 cases of the pregnancies in pregnancy hypertensive disorders high-riskare selected, who was regulated prenatal diagnosis in our hospital from January 2011 to February 2012; in accordance with the wishes pregnant woman had 67 cases to be given nutrition manage as the study group, the rest of the 90 cases which not routine prenatal diagnosis as the control group; pregnancy outcome and perinatal of two groups outcome were compared. Results The incidence of hypertension, gestational diabetes, anemia in pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes in study group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), the incidence of premature birth, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia in study group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), the rate of cesarean in study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The individualized nutritional management during pregnancy can improve perinatal outcomes of the high-risk pregnant women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, it is worth to promote.

[Key words] Individualized nutritional management; Pregnancy hypertensive; Perinatal period

妊娠期高血压疾病是妊娠期所特有的疾病，迄今为止，仍为孕产妇及围生儿死亡的重要原因。因此如何避免妊娠期高血压疾病的发生，以及减轻妊娠期高血压疾病对围生期母婴健康的影响有重要意义。研究显示妊娠期高血压疾病与孕妇的基本营养状态以及经济生活水平有重要关联。本研究通过对所有孕妇运用Mp妊娠高血压综合征监测系统进行筛查，筛查出妊娠高血压疾病高风险者，通过对其进行个体化的营养管理，以期能够降低妊娠期高血压疾病的发生，同时降低相关围生期母婴并发症的发生[1-2]。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2011年1月～2012年2月在我院规范产前检查且进行妊娠高血压疾病风险筛查为高风险者157例，按照孕妇意愿将其分为观察组67例（孕期营养管理者）和对照组90例（未进行孕期营养管理者），两组一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05），具有可比性。见表1。