米索前列醇不同给药途径用于预防剖宫产术出血临床观察

时间:2022-05-16 05:07:51

米索前列醇不同给药途径用于预防剖宫产术出血临床观察

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.12.28

摘 要 目的:探讨通过宫内给药、直肠给药、口服给药途径给予米索前列醇对预防剖宫产术出血产妇的临床疗效。方法:2013年1月-2014年1月收治分娩产妇666例,随机分成宫内给药组、直肠给药组和口服组,各222例。3组均在胎儿娩出后宫体注射催产素20μg,分别经采取宫内给药、直肠给药、口服给药途径给予米索前列醇400μg治疗。结果:宫内给药组术中出血量、产后2小时平均出血量、24小时平均出血量分别为(125.8±42.1)ml、(199.8±39.6)ml、(229.6±39.2)ml,直肠给药组术中出血量、产后2小时平均出血量、24小时平均出血量分别为(187.8±48.5)ml、(225.3±61.2)ml、(305.3±61.2)ml,口服组术中出血量、产后2小时平均出血量、24小时平均出血量分别为(131.2±40.9)ml、(205.8±42.1)ml、(258.9±55.1)ml;术中出血量方面,宫内给药组和口服组明显优于直肠给药组(P0.05);24小时平均出血量方面,宫内给药组和口服组明显优于直肠给药组(P

关键词 剖宫产 米索前列醇 宫内给药 直肠给药 口服给药

The clinical observation of different routes of administration of misoprostol for the prevention of cesarean section hemorrhage

Wang Zhaofen

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yanshan Count,Wenshan State,Yunnan 663100

Abstract Objective:To investigate the clinical curative effect of intrauterine administration,rectal administration,oral administration of misoprostol for the prevention of cesarean section hemorrhage.Methods:666 cases of pregnant women were selected from January 2013 to January 2014.They were randomly divided into the intrauterine administration group,the rectal administration group and the oral group with 222 cases in each.Three groups were given 20μg uterine oxytocin injection after the delivery of fetus.Three groups were respectively given 400μg misoprostol by the intrauterine administration,rectal administration and oral administration.Results:In the intrauterine administration group,the amount of intraoperative bleeding,the average amount of bleeding of postpartum 2 hours,the average amount of bleeding of 24 hours were 125.8±42.1ml,199.8±39.6ml,229.6±39.2ml.In the rectal administration group,the amount of intraoperative bleeding,the average amount of bleeding of postpartum 2 hours,the average amount of bleeding of 24 hours were 187.8±48.5ml,225.3±61.2ml,305.3±61.2ml.In the oral group,the amount of intraoperative bleeding,the average amount of bleeding of postpartum 2 hours,the average amount of bleeding of 24 hours were 131.2±40.9ml,205.8±42.1ml,258.9±55.1ml.The amount of intraoperative bleeding of the intrauterine administration group and the oral group were significantly better than that of the rectal administration group (P0.05).The average amount of bleeding of 24 hours of the intrauterine administration group and the oral group were significantly better than that of rectal administration group(P

Key words Cesarean section;Misoprostol;Intrauterine administration;Rectal administration;Oral administration

产后出血是产科常见的并发症[1],特别是近年来,随着剖宫产率的不断上升,米索前列醇可以减少产后出血[2]。采取口服给药、直肠给药和宫内给药,临床效果不尽相同。

资料与方法

2013年1月-2014年1月收治剖宫产分娩产妇666例,随机分成宫内给药组、直肠给药组、口服组,各222例,其中宫内给药组年龄21~41岁,平均26.9岁,初产妇160例,经产妇62例,胎龄38~42周;直肠给药组年龄21~42岁,平均27.8岁,初产妇167例,经产妇55例,胎龄38~42周;口服组年龄19~42岁,平均27.2岁,初产妇165例,经产妇57例,胎龄38~42周。3组产妇在年龄、胎龄、产次等方面差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。

方法:3组均在胎儿娩出后宫体注射催产素20μg,同时经不同途径给予米索前列醇。①宫内给药组:胎盘娩出后,干纱布擦净宫腔,将米索前列醇400μg用卵圆钳夹持放入宫腔内;②直肠给药组:米索前列醇片400μg置于产妇直肠内;③口服给药组:米索前列醇片400μg舌下含服。

结 果

宫内给药组、直肠给药组、口服组疗效结果术中出血量比较:宫内给药组术中出血量、产后2小时平均出血量、24小时平均出血量分别为(125.8±42.1)ml、(199.8±39.6)ml、(229.6±39.2)ml,直肠给药组术中出血量、产后2小时平均出血量、24小时平均出血量分别为(187.8±48.5)ml、(225.3±61.2)ml、(305.3±61.2)ml,口服组术中出血量、产后2小时平均出血量、24小时平均出血量分别为(131.2±40.9)ml、(205.8±42.1)ml、(258.9±55.1)ml;术中出血量方面,宫内给药组和口服组明显优于直肠给药组(P0.05),24小时平均出血量方面宫内给药组和口服组明显优于直肠给药组(P

出血率比较:宫内给药组发生产后出血1例,出血发生率0.045%;直肠给药组发生产后出血4例,出血发生率1.8%;口服组发生产后出血2例,出血发生率0.045%;直肠给药组发生产后出血1例,出血发生率0.9%。3组比较有显著性差异(P

讨 论

米索前列醇是人工合成的前列腺素E1衍生物,现临床上广泛用于人工流产、引产、产后出血。其活性强,可软化宫颈,引起子宫平滑肌收缩[3],对各期妊娠子宫均有明显的收缩作用。近年来,国内外陆续报道米索前列醇对减少产后出血效果良好[4]。米索前列醇片临床给药途径较多,可口服、直肠给药、宫腔内给药。本组资料结果显示,术中出血量方面,宫内给药组和口服组明显优于直肠给药组(P0.05),24小时平均出血量宫内给药组和口服组明显优于直肠给药组(P

参考文献

1 方景春,吴东保.米索前列醇在有高危出血因素剖宫产术中的应用[J].实用妇产科杂志,2010,26(8):628-629.

2 赵光俊,张启兰,杜鹃,等.米索前列醇用于晚期妊娠引产的临床研究[J].现代妇产科进展,1997,6(3):152-154.

3 何静媛.欣母沛与米索前列醇预防行剖宫产术的高危孕妇产后出血的临床应用比较[J].中国社区医师(医学专业),2012,14(26):130-131.

4 吕弘道.米索前列醇宫腔内给药用于减少剖宫产术出血的临床观察[J].实用妇产科杂志,2008,24(12):750-751.

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