时间：2022-10-27 01:58:03
The New Competitive Edge: Innovation
In a 2005 study sponsored by Cisco Systems, 635 business and IT decision-makers from companies of all sizes ranked innovation as more important to their competitiveness than better education, lower wages, or reductions incorporate taxes. Not surprisingly, having the highest-quality product or service was the top-rated means of differentiating their businesses from the competition. And managers are doing more than just paying lip service to innovation. They're putting their money where their mouths are.
The world's top 1,000 corporate research and development spenders invested $384 billion in innovation in 2004,according to a survey by the consulting firm of Booz Allen Hamilton. This investment by the so-called Global Innovation represents between 80 percent and 90 percent of total R&D spending by business worldwide. By comparison, innovation expenditures of the second 1,000 most active companies totaled only $26 billion in the same year.
While the lion's share of innovation investment continues to be made by developed countries, the rest of the world is catching up rapidly. R&D spending in China and India grew at an annual rate of 21.1 percent between 1999 and 2004, according to Booz Allen Hamilton, compared to 6.5 percent for the Global Innovation.
创新――新的竞争力
2005年，在思科举办的一项研究中，各类商业和IT企业的635位的决策者认为创新比更好的教育更加重要，降低工资或削减公司税更有助于提升竞争力。毫不奇怪，拥有最高质量的产品或服务是他们从竞争中脱颖而出的最好方式。而且经理们可不只是嘴上说说而已，他们为创新活动投入了金钱，那是他们的饭碗所在。
波士・亚伦・哈密尔顿咨询公司的一项调查指出，2004年，世界前1000位花钱最多的公司研发机构在创新上投资了3840亿美元。这项由所谓的“全球创新”进行的投资占到了全世界商业研发支出的80%-90%。相比之下，创新活跃程度居第二梯队的1000个公司同年创新支出仅为260亿美元。
虽然发达国家的创新投资继续独占鳌头，但世界其他国家也正在奋力追赶。波士・亚伦・汉密尔顿咨询公司指出，中国和印度的研发支出在1999年至2004年期间年均增长21.1%，而“全球创新”则年均增长6.5%。
（Joseph Leu/编译）