巡回护士术前访视对手术患者心理的影响

[摘要] 目的 探讨巡回护士术前访视对手术患者术前心理的影响。 方法 选择120例择期手术患者，随机分为对照组（60例）及访视组（60例），巡回护士术前对访视组患者进行访视，并给予心理护理干预，访视前及患者进入手术室后，采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）及Hamilton抑郁量表（HRDS）评估两组患者的心理状态。 结果 访视前两组患者HAMA、HRDS评分及焦虑、抑郁发生率差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05），进入手术室后，HAMA评分访视组为（13.2±3.0）分，对照组为（15.9±2.7）分，访视组HAMA评分低于对照组（P ＜ 0.05），焦虑心理发生率访视组为48.3%，对照组为65.0%，访视组低于对照组（P ＜ 0.05）。访视组HRDS评分及抑郁心理发生率同对照组无显著差异（P ＞ 0.05）。 结论巡回护士术前访视及心理护理能够减缓手术患者术前的心理焦虑，维护患者身心健康。

[关键词] 巡回护士；访视；心理护理；焦虑；抑郁

[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）08（c）-0138-02

Influence on psychological effect of preoperative interview by circulating nurse

WANG Chun LIANG Jianfen YE Sujun ZHOU Ying

Department of Operation Room, the People's Hospital of Dujiangyan City in Sichuan Province, Dujiangyan 611830, China

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate psychological effect of preoperative interview by circulating nurse on patients. Methods 120 patients who would receive selective operation were selected and randomly divided into interview group (60 cases) and control group (60 cases). Patients in interview groups received preoperative interview and mental nursing by circulating nurse, mentation in two groups were evaluated with HAMA and HRDS before interview and after entering operating room. Results Score of HAMA and HRDS were identical and incidence rate of anxiety and depression were indiscriminate between interview group and control group before interview, after entering the operating room, the score of HAMA were (13.2±3.0) scores in interview group and (15.9±2.7) scores in control group, score of HAMA in interview group was lower than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05), incidence rate of anxiety was 48.3% in interview groups and 65.0% in control group, incidence rate of anxiety was lower in research groups than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05), score of HRDS and incidence rate of depression were indiscriminate between two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Preoperative interview and mental nursing by operating room nurse could release psychological anxiety on patients with selective operation, which was helpful for physical and mental health of patients.

[Key words] Operating room nurse; Preoperative Interview; Mental nursing; Anxiety; Depression

患者在接受手术治疗时，常对手术治疗的过程及结局存在较大程度的担心，心理处于慢性应激状态[1]，甚至能够影响患者的术前准备工作及术后的治疗配合，因此在围术期患者保持良好的心理状态对于手术的进行及术后康复具有重要的意义，医务人员对患者围术期的心理干预对于患者身心健康的维护具有重要意义，本文就手术室巡回护士术前访视对手术患者术前的心理影响进行研究，为手术患者的护理提供参考。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择我院普外科2010年3月～2012年1月择期手术的患者120例，其中，男69例，女51例；胆道手术患者53例，腹股沟斜疝手术患者29例，甲状腺手术患者21例，胃肠手术17例；并排除诊断及手术方式不明确患者，既往曾诊断精神类疾病患者及视听功能障碍不能完成调查患者。将入选患者随机分为对照组及访视组，每组各60例，两组患者性别、年龄、疾病种类及严重程度比较，差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05），具有可比性。