正反观点阐述类作文点拨

正反观点阐述的英语作文属于议论文。该题型一般要求在表述他人对某个问题或某件事的不同评论的同时表明自己的观点或态度。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是：观点正确，认真概括，有实际意义；论据的基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型；论证的基本要求是：推理必须符合逻辑。因此其结构一般较为固定，通常包括以下三部分：

1. 在导语部分提出需要议论的议题；

2. 在正文部分对所提出的问题进行正反两方面的议论；

3. 在结论部分提出自己的观点、总结或归纳。

在具体写作中要注意下列几点：

1. 议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水。常见句式有：

Recently, the problem of ... has aroused people’s concern.

Nowadays, ...has become a problem we have to face.

Different people hold different opinions.

Opinions are divided.

People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards ...

People have different opinions on this problem.

People take different views on this question.

2. 摆出正反两方面观点时注意对比性。要客观描述，不可加入个人感彩。

... of them hold the opinion that ...

... of them are in favor of the idea that ...

People who are for/against the idea think ...

Some people believe that... Others argue that ...

However, ...of them hold a different view. / ...of them hold the opposite opinion.

People who are against it don’t think so.

However, each coin has two sides.

Different from those..., ...people think ...

On the other hand, ... people object that ...

3. 在结论部分必须表明作者的观点，对讨论的问题做出总结。这一点极容易为同学所忽略。

From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.

I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ...

Personally, I am standing on the side of ...

I sincerely believe that ...

In my opinion, it is more advisable to do ... than to do ...

Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ...

Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that ...

4. 注意连接词和过渡词等词语的使用，以增强文章的条理性和逻辑性。常用的过渡词和连接词包括：first, second, third, finally, in addition, furthermore, besides, moreover, what’s more，what was worse, more importantly, in contrast, because, on the contrary, on the other hand，since, now that, therefore，consequently，in that case, as a result/consequence, in con-clusion, to sum up等等。

【实战演练】

为了方便老百姓出行，许多城市将加快地铁建设。但在具体实施过程中产生许多矛盾，尤其是大量树木的砍伐和移植，你班也就此问题展开了激烈的辩论。请根据图表内容给某学生英文报社写一篇报道并阐述你自己的观点。词数：150左右。

学生习作一：

With the development of the society, many cities are planning to have more subways constructed. However, the project have caused a serious problem, especially the tree.

Our class has a debate about it. 59 percent of the students think that the trees shouldn’t cut down. They believe that the trees are able to the environment and release the fresh air. Also, transplant has a low survival rate and ancient trees stand for history and culture.

Others, however, hold a different view of disagree. They believe that the trees must be cut down. If they can do this, it is convenient for us to go out. They also state that the tree can be moved. In addition, the city needs to be constructed.

As far as I am concerned, we ought to ask for the general public opinion. It is important to less as far as possible damage trees. Finally, we must try our best to do something good for the environment.（146 words）

该文属于中等偏下作文。行文错误较多，内容不丰富，尤其是个人观点阐述部分。用词及句式结构也有点单调。如满分25分得分应该在14分左右。

学生习作二：

With the development of the society, many cities are planning to have more subways constructed. However, students in our class hold different views on the removing of trees.

A little more than half students oppose the project. They state trees play an important role in keeping the balance of ecosystem and it’s quite impossible for them to survive after being transplanted. Moreover, some old trees are the symbols of history and culture of a city.

However, 41% of the students argue that it’s absolutely necessary to move or cut down trees in order to develop the whole city and make it more convenient for people to travel around. Furthermore, new trees could be planted and the removed trees could survive in a new soil.

On my part, the development of a city shouldn’t be at the cost of environment. We can’t destroy trees unless we get the permission from the public. We must do more research into the construction of the subway. （146 words）

该文属于较好作文。行文错误几乎没有，语言使用比较到位。用词及句式结构还算丰富。如满分25分得分应该在19分左右。

学生习作三：

With the development of the society, many cities are planning to have more subways constructed. However, people think differently about the removing of trees.

Fifty-nine of the students hold the view that trees mustn’t be removed to make way for subways. With plenty of trees beautifying the environment and purifying air, we find trees increasingly important in urban life. Once transplanted, they are difficult to survive. In addition, some precious trees are considered the symbol of culture and history in a city.

The rest hold an opposite opinion. As they point out, subways bring convenience to people moving around. The removed trees can be replaced by young ones and old trees can live on in new places. Sometimes it’s a forced choice to sacrifice something for the city’s development.

Taking all these factors into consideration, I think we must first ask for most citizens’ opinions. Of course, it’s better to reduce the number of trees removed. Last but not least, the old trees should be well preserved anywhere. （153words）

该文属于比较出色的作文。行文错误几乎没有，层次分明，结构清晰。语言使用比较精炼。用词及句式结构十分丰富。如满分25分得分应该在23分左右。

参考范文

To Remove Trees for Subways or Not?

With the development of the society, many cities are planning to have more subways constructed. However, there exist some heated arguments on the removing of many trees in our class. Different opinions are as follows:

59% of them are in favor of the idea that trees shouldn’t be cut down. Even if removed, few could manage to survive. Some old trees planted several decades ago remind us of the history and culture of a city. Furthermore, as we all know, trees can beautify our environment and purify air.

However, 41% of the students take opposite views on this. To relieve the crowdedness of the city and provide people with smooth transportation, some trees must be removed from streets to make way for subways. The removal is a forced choice. The city needs a bright and modern future.

In my point of view, there must be a strict procedure based on the survey of public opinions. We must remove as few trees as possible and reach a balance between subway construction and tree protection. （157 words）