合并心血管疾病普通外科患者麻醉方法的选择

[摘要] 目的 分析合并有心血管疾病普通外科患者的麻醉方法。 方法 选取78例合并有心血管疾病的普通外科患者，随机分为对照组和观察组，每组各39例。对照组采用气管插管复合硬膜外麻醉实施术前麻醉，观察组采用喉罩通气复合硬膜外麻醉实施术前麻醉，观察两组麻醉效果。 结果 观察组术后完全苏醒时间和术后呼吸恢复正常时间明显短于对照组，麻醉前后血压水平波动明显小于对照组，麻醉不良反应率明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P

[关键词] 心血管疾病；硬膜外麻醉；气管插管；喉罩通气

[中图分类号] R614.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2014）04（a）-0102-03

[Abstract] Objective To study the anesthesia methods of general surgery patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods 78 cases of general surgery patients suffered from cardiovascular disease were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group，with each group were 39 cases.Endotracheal intubation combined with epidural anesthesia was selected in the control group for preoperative anesthesia，and laryngeal mask airway combined with epidural anesthesia was selected in the observation group for preoperative anesthesia，the anesthesia effect of the two groups was observed. Results In the observation group，the postoperative completely wake up time and postoperative respiratory completely back to normal time were all significantly shorter than those of the control group，blood pressure fluctuations before and after the anesthesia was significantly less than that of the control group，anesthetic adverse reaction rate was significantly lower than that of the control group，and the differences were all statistically significant（P

[Key words] Cardiovascular disease；Epidural anesthesia；Trachea cannula；Laryngeal mask airway

心血管疾病是临床中比较常见的一种内科疾病，老年患者人数相对较多，由于其脏器功能已经开始逐渐下降，且物在其体内的代谢速度相对较慢，实施手术会加重其心脏负担及手术风险，而针对不同外科疾病及患者体征状态采取的麻醉方式也有所不同。目前气管插管全身麻醉复合硬膜外麻醉与喉罩通气复合硬膜外麻醉是外科手术中较为常用的麻醉方式[1]，为进一步研究两者之间的异同性，本次研究对合并有心血管疾病的普通外科患者术前实施硬膜外麻醉的效果进行了分析。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

抽取2011年5月～2013年5月本院收治的合并有心血管疾病的普通外科患者78例，其中，男45例，女33例；年龄21～75岁；心血管疾病指有下列1项以上为异常者：高血压、心绞痛、慢性心力衰竭病史、心肌缺血、室性早搏、心房颤动等。将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组。对照组中，男性23例，女性16例；年龄21～74岁，平均（45.8±1.4）岁；体重42～79 kg，平均体重（53.7±1.4）kg。观察组中，男性22例，女性17例；年龄23～75岁，平均（45.9±1.3）岁；体重44～78 kg，平均体重（53.9±1.3）kg。两组患者在年龄、性别、体重等一般资料方面比较，差异无统计学意义（P