时间:2022-08-01 06:30:23
一、 二者的区别
1、when做并列连词用时,构成并列句,意为“就在这时,恰恰在这时”不可以用其他词代替。多用于下列句型中:
1)be+表示状态的介词短语+when…“在做某事,就在这时……”
2)bedoingsth.+when…“正在做某事,就在这时……”
3)beabouttodosth.When…“正要做某事,就在这时……”
4)had(not)done…when…“刚……就……”
2、when做从属连词时,连接时间状语从句。这时要注意when与while和as引导的时间状语从句的区别:
1)when,while,as都可以跟持续动词,表示一段时间,这一点俩跟着用法相似,但when也可以接非延续动词,而while可以。
2)when,while后面的主语如果与主句的主语一致,谓语含有be动词,经常采用倒装的形式但when后经常用过去分词或现在分词,而while后经常跟介词短语。
3)while也可以做并列连词,表示两者之间的比较,意思是“然而”when无此用法。
4)when除表示时间外,也可以暗含某种条件,相当于if,而while无此用法。
5)as引导时间状语从句时,多表示主从句的谓语的动作相伴随
而发生,强调发生过程,因此经常翻译为
“一边,一边”“随着”有时也可与瞬间动词连用,表示“正当……的时候”。
Eg.①Wewereatworkthatafternoonwhensuddenlyafirebrokeout.
②Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokeinangrily.
③Iwasabouttogooutwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.
④Wehadjustbeguntoworkwhenthemachinebrokendown.
⑤Whenaskedwhyhehadn'tfinishedhishomework,theboykeptsilent.
⑥Whenthereisnowaterorair,therewillbenolifeontheearth.
⑦Mikeisveryweakwhilehisbrotherisverystrong.
⑧Astheheightincreases,temperaturefalls;thechildrenwereplayingfootballhappilyonthegroundwhenitbegantorainheavily.
while做并列连词时表转折,对比,意为“而”此时,一般位于句中。这是要注意与but的不同,but表示行文逻辑上的转折关系。while还可用作从属连词,意为“当……的时候”与延续性动词连用,而when做从属连词时意为“当……的时候”既可与延续性动词连用又可与非延续性动词连用,当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,且含有be的某种形式时,从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。
while的各种用法n“一会儿”从属连词“在……过程;虽然……但是……;只要”并列连词“然而”but表转折;while表对比。
Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.
Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.
Youdon'thavetoworrywhilewearehere.
WhileinLondon,hestudiedmusicandpainting.
Itwasonlyashortwhile,butitseemedtohours.
Theteacherthoughttomwasdroppinghisheadlowreadingthetext,while,infacthewassleeping.
Whileitisexpectedthatstudentscometouniversitywiththeabilitytotakeagoodsetofnotes,thisisnotalwaysthecase.
解析:while在此句中用作并列连词,用来比较前后不同的情况,后半句的not与前半句形成对比与转折,因此应选用又转折意义的连词。
when做关系副词指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语.
Eg.I'llneverforgetthedayIfirstcametoBeijing.
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.
并列:When(=atthetimethat)
Itwassnowingwhenwegottotheairport.
Hewenthomewhenhehadfinishedhishomework.
While(=duringthetimethat)
PleasewritewhileIread.
Somestudentswerereadingwhileotherswerewriting.
When(=since;as)既然(=consideringthat…)考虑到
Whydidyouwriteinpencilwhenyouknowyoushouldwriteinink?
Ithappenedonthefirstdaywhenwebeganournewterm.
Ithappenedtenyearsago,whenIwasachild.
While(hewas)respected,hewasnotliked.
MywifekeptsilentwhileIwaswriting.
HeisaworkerwhileIamadoctor.
二、试题分析:
1、(2011陕西高考)______allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.A.SinceB.WhileC.IfD.As
句意:虽然他们都是实力很强的求职者,但只有一个人将被选出来担任这个职位。While在此处引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管,虽然”相当于although.
2、Marymadecoffee________herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.
A.sothatB、althoughC.whileD.asif
句意:在客人吃饭的过程中,玛丽煮好了咖啡。While在此处引导的是时间状语从句,意为“在……期间,当……的时候”。
3、(2007四川,29)Iwouldliketostudylawatuniversity_____mycousinprefersgeography.A.thoughB.asC.whileD.for
句意:我在大学学习法律而我堂兄更喜欢地理。此处表对比转折,故用并列连词while(可是,然而)。
4、(2007山东,29)______Ireallydon'tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.
A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While
句意:虽然我不怎么喜欢艺术,但我发现他的作品令人赞叹。While=although虽然,尽管,用于句首。
5、(2005福建,24)―DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?
――Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto'clock_____hearrivedhome.
A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.until
句意:当他到家时还不到八点。请注意下列几句话:
Itis5yearssincehegraduated.
Itwas5yearsagothathegraduated.(强调句型)
Itwas5o'clockwhenhelefthome.
Itwas5yearsbeforehegraduated.
6、(2006全国1,33)pleaseremindme______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.whereB.whenC.howD.what
句意:请提醒我他说他什么时候要走,以便我能赶上为他送行。题干中第二个句子提供了关键信息:beintimetodosth.能赶得上做某事;不耽误做某事。
7、(2006全国2,13)wethoughttherewere35studentsinthedinninghall,while,infacttherewere40.
A.whileB.whetherC.whatD.which
句意:我们原以为在餐厅里只有35名学生,然而实际上却有40人。此题主要考查while表转折对比,相当于but但语气没有but重。
8、(2006湖南,31)IhadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusydryingmyselfwithatowelwhenIheardthesteps.
A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after
句意:我刚走出浴室,正忙着用毛巾擦身体,就在这时我听到了脚步声。用作并列连词,意思为“正在此时(那)时”。
9、(2006山东,31)Howcanyouexpecttolearnanythingwhenyouneverlisten?
A.incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.when
句意:既然你从不听,怎能指望学到东西呢?when:conj.Consideringthat.既然;考虑到。又如:Whydidyouasktheteacherwhenyouhadalreadyknowntheanswer?既然你知道答案,为什么还问老师?
10、(2006辽宁,24)Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismealwhenafamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while
句意:他饭刚吃到一半,这时一个熟悉的声音传到他的耳朵里。when在句中作并列连词,意为atthattime。引导并列句常见句式:beabouttodosth.When…/beonthepointofdoingsth.When…(刚要……这时突然……);bedoingsth.When……(正在……这时突然……)。
三、练习
1、Sheopenedhereyeswithastartandwasabouttocryout_____heheardherfatherurgentlytellinghertokeepquiet.
A、whileB、whenC、beforeD、after
2、Theykepttrying______theyknewitwashopeless.
A、whenB、unlessC、asD、till
3、Youcan,______theskyisclear,seeasfarastheoldtempleontopofthemountain,butnottoday.
A、whenB、whereC.thoughD、because
4、InChina,60percentofthecurrenthealthcarefeeispaidforbyindividual,25percentbycompanies,______only15percentisfundedbythegovernment.
A、whatB、whenC、whichD、while
5、Theairforcepaid$5,000toapart―timeSanta Clauswhosereindeerdiedofheartfailure______twofighterjetspassedoverhead.
A、asifB、whenC、sinceD、while