蓝延兰编织畲乡“哈达”

浙江景宁畲族自治县鹤溪镇东弄村的蓝延兰，是位名不见经传的畲族文化传承者，她不但是畲族的编织彩带传人，还是个地道的畲族山歌传播者。

蓝延兰受祖母影响和受畲语畲歌熏陶，7岁时就对畲族彩带的制作产生了浓厚的兴趣。那时的她一面缠着祖母玩，一面吵着要学织畲族彩带，而且一学就着了迷。她在学织彩带中，还把祖母口传的畲歌记在小本子上，通过日积月累，如今已记下了5000多首畲歌词谱，这成了她编织彩带最好的会意文字符号。

畲族人喜欢在劳作时候唱歌，他们以歌传情、以歌会友、以歌迎亲、以歌治丧，只要有畲族人居住的地方，到处可以听到这种原生态的假声畲歌，而蓝延兰则喜欢在她织彩带的时候边织边唱，这种边织边唱制作畲族彩带情景，到了蓝延兰参加“浙江中国民间艺术展”并获得大赛特别金奖后，更被畲族制作彩带的女子们看重起来了。大家认为蓝延兰边唱歌边织带，已把词谱里那些富有哲理的文字织进了彩带，堪称畲族文化一绝。

蓝延兰在彩带制作中进行革新，将8厘米的传统彩带加宽成10.6厘米至12厘米的宽幅彩带，独创出最具代表性的蓝延兰畲族彩带，并把“风调雨顺”、“国泰民安”等等字样织进了五彩斑斓的彩带中。

如今到景宁的宾客，除了游山玩水还都要买一条蓝延兰的彩带带回家，以携回美好的祝福，携回彩带上那些“五谷丰登”、“福禄寿禧”、“龙飞凤舞”、“金玉满堂”等用斜体文字织就的美好生活愿景。

蓝延兰独创的宽幅彩带给她带来了财富，如今的蓝延兰已经是位有名气的畲族艺人，她常年在畲乡演唱山歌并展示她的彩带制作绝活，收入不菲。这种彩带犹如畲乡的“哈达”，它把畲家人淳朴善良的祝福传送给游览畲乡的人们，这种原始的民族文化，通过这位畲家女的智慧传遍祖国的四面八方。

生活一如她的彩带多彩而浪漫，她每天都充实地忙碌着编织，在完成了县里的大型活动之后，蓝延兰相继被邀请参加“2006杭州西湖博览会”，在那段时间里，她在民间艺术演示板块中一次又一次地向中外游客表演她的彩带绝活。为了积极配合景宁畲乡文化活动，今年初蓝延兰又把“打造中国畲乡，建设和谐景宁”这组文字反复编织成2米多长的彩带，镶嵌在县委书记的畲族服装上。

“一条彩带斑斓斑，彩带是娘亲手织，送给儿郎缚身上，看见彩带看见娘。”蓝延兰最喜欢唱这首畲族“织带歌”，在这个美丽而古老的村庄，她就是这样唱着山歌织着彩带度过美好的一天。采访她的时候，她的男人默默地站在她的身后纯朴地笑笑，温馨之情尽在这一笑间。自从蓝延兰戴着凤冠头饰与他结为夫妇后，这个不善言谈的男人总是这样默默地支持着蓝延兰，夫妇俩相敬如宾。畲族彩带、畲族山歌、作响的头饰，蓝延兰的歌带人生显得多姿多彩！

Village Woman Promotes Ethnic Culture

By Yan Lingzhu

Ten years ago, few heard of Lan Yanlan, an ordinary woman in the village of Dongnong, Hexi Town in Jingning, an autonomous She Ethnic County in southern Zhejiang. Nowadays the village woman has become widely known as an enthusiastic champion of the ethnic She culture. She is not only a master of homemade colored woven ribbons but also a singer of rural folksongs.

Lan Yanlan developed a passion for making woven belts at 7. She acquired two valuable things for her life from her grandmother. She learned how to weave belts and learned the folksongs her grandmother hummed while weaving. Today, her notebooks are a treasure of 5,000 ethic She folk songs. The She minority people are fond of singing on various important occasions: they sing at weddings and funerals, they sing to court, they sing to celebrate friendship. Singing, characterized by original falsetto, is an important part of the life of the She people.

In November, 1999, her performance of weaving and singing at a provincial folk arts exposition held in Wenzhou won her a gold medal. Her instant fame served as a revelation to the charms of the ethnic She culture. Her fellow weavers began to value the art of woven ribbons. Experts regard her art of weaving and singing as a sample of the ethnic culture.

Lan’s colored ribbons are made on an improved pattern. The traditional ribbons usually measures 8 centimeters in width whereas her ribbons are 10.6 to 12 centimeters wide. The broader ribbons make room for weaving good-luck phrases, an attractive feature never seen before in She ribbons. Lan’s unique ribbons bring her a fortune. All the year around, her performances of weaving and singing in the mountainous She villages are a great tourist attraction. Many tourists buy a ribbon from Lan to make their sightseeing tour in Jingning County memorable.

Nowadays, Lan Yanlan leads a life as colorful as her ribbons. She is frequently invited to display her art at important events such as tourism promotions at the county capital and the 2006 West Lake Exposition in Hangzhou.

(Translated by David)