非潜水性下肢骨梗死的影像学诊断

时间:2022-04-22 03:50:49

非潜水性下肢骨梗死的影像学诊断

[摘要] 目的 探讨骨梗死的影像学表现特征,提高影像学诊断水平。 方法 回顾性分析经临床随访和病理证实的8例骨梗死患者的DR、CT及MRI影像学资料,将骨梗死分为急性期、亚急性期和慢性期,并与病理相对照。 结果 骨梗死急性期DR、CT扫描仅表现为局部的骨质疏松,MR T1WI呈等或稍低信号,T2WI呈等或稍高信号,STIR呈不均匀斑片高信号;亚急性期骨梗死DR及CT表现为虫噬样骨质破坏及斑点状硬化,MR T1WI中央呈等或稍低信号,T2WI中央为等或高信号,边缘呈典型的地图样改变;慢性期DR及CT表现为髄腔内不规则蜿蜒状硬化斑块,伴结节状低密度区。 结论 MRI是诊断急性期骨梗死最有价值检查方法,能够发现早期病变,DR、CT对亚急性期和慢性期骨梗死病变有帮助,并可见特征性的影像表现。

[关键词] 非潜水性;骨梗死;数字化X线摄影;断层扫描;磁共振成像

[中图分类号] R455 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673—9701(2012)27—0099—03

Non diver bone infarction diagnostic imaging

SHEN Changshan1 LIU Bo1 DU Xunsong2

1.Department of Radiology, Tianchang City People's Hospital in Anhui Province, Tianchang 239300, China; 2.Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Youyi Hospital, Hefei 230011, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the imaging features of bone infarction and improve imaging diagnostic accuracy. Methods The imaging data of 8 cases bone infarction with DR, CT and MRI were retrospectively analyzed, proved by clinical manifestation and surgical pathology. The lisions were classified into acute, subacute and chronic stages. The imaging findings were compared with pathological results. Results Partial osteoporsion could be seen on DR and CT in the acute phase, which as iso—low signal on MR T1WI and iso—high signal on MR T2WI, showed high signal on MR STIR. In the subacute stage, the bone infarction was characterize by punctate sclerosis and bone destruction like insect bite, iso—low signal on MR T1WI and high signal on MR T2WI were visibled, the margin of the lisions shown rugged and rough low signal band on MR STIR. In the chronic stage, DR and CT showed irregular,map—shaped sclerotic rim in the bone marrow. Conclusion MRI is the best wy to examine and detect the acute bone infarction, DR and CTl has the imaging features in the chronic stage.

[Key words] Non diver; Bone infarction; Digital radiography; Tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging

骨梗死临床比较少见,病因隐蔽,急性期X线、CT检查表现无特异性,较易误诊或漏诊,大部分患者到了慢性期X线出现典型骨化才得以诊断。MR对急性期骨梗死具有较高的敏感性,明显提高了骨梗死的发现率。为提高骨梗死的正确诊断率,使患者得到及时、有效的治疗,本文收集经临床随访和病理证实的8例骨梗死患者的DR、CT及MRI资料,进行回顾性分析和总结,阐述骨梗死的各期影像学表现。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

搜集安徽省天长市人民医院与安徽省立友谊医院2004年3月~2012年4月经临床随访和手术病理证实的骨梗死8例。男3例,女5例,最大年龄76岁,最小35岁,平均约58岁,8例摄DR片,5例CT扫描,6例MR检查,病变累及14个骨骼,发生于双侧股骨下段4例,双侧股骨下段和胫骨上端2例,单发股骨下段1例,单侧胫骨上段1例。按发病时间划分:1例发病1个月内,5例在1个月~1年内,2例在1年以上。

临床表现:双侧膝部疼痛6例,2例单侧膝部或小腿疼痛;3例长期应用激素,2例酗酒,饮酒史均超过20年,平均每日饮酒量超过400 mL;1例有外伤史;2例病因不明,全部病例均无潜水作业史。

1.2 检查方法

X线机为菲利浦双板DR数字成像系统。CT机为菲利浦8排螺旋CT,层厚4 mm,层距3 mm,矩阵512×512,骨窗1 500~3 000 Hu,窗位300~700 Hu。MR检查是菲利浦0.23T开放型磁共振成像设备,表面线圈,所用序列T1WIT SE(TR500 TE10),T2WIT SE(TR5000 TE90)和STIR脂肪抑制,采用轴位、冠状位和矢状位成像。

上一篇:AIDS/TB双重感染82例临床治疗分析 下一篇:面向服务的测试程序自动生成技术研究