Research on Fine Management of Construction Cost Based on BIM

【前言】Research on Fine Management of Construction Cost Based on BIM由文秘帮小编整理而成，但愿对你的学习工作带来帮助。As one of factors of construction cost， the accuracy is the basis of fine management of cost. The efficiency of computing engineering quantity in China has improved significantly from original manual measurement to software with the help of comput...

Abstract： The paper uses the concept of refining construction cost management as the objective to analyze the problems of the existing construction cost management in China including low working efficiency and evident information island. The paper refers to the advantages of bim technology in information integration and cooperative work， analyzes the application value of BIM technique to construction cost fine management， and tries establishing standardized and processed construction cost fine management mode.

Key words： fine management， BIM technique， integration， collaborative work

Fine management of construction cost is a new management concept. It aims at breaking organization management units of construction cost into each element and link， and using various economic and technological means to make cost management accurate， efficient and collaborative， which not only improves cost management level， but also achieves the objective of maximizing project benefit. At present， the construction cost management in China has the problem of extensive management， which restricts the efficience of construction cost and healthy development of construction. However， the booming development of BIM technique brings a new impetus for the process of refining construction cost management.

1 Problems of Construction Cost Management in China

1.1 Computational efficiency of engineering quantity is low

As one of factors of construction cost， the accuracy is the basis of fine management of cost. The efficiency of computing engineering quantity in China has improved significantly from original manual measurement to software with the help of computer EXCEL， Glodon and Rib. However， with the increase of the number， scale and difficulty of engineering projects， and emergency of new techniques， engineering calculation still has the problems of high and complicated workload， and large personal error. It is estimated that statistical quantity accounts for 50%-70% of the process of determining construction cost， but the value created in the process only accounts for 20% of cost management， which indicates that the productivity of engineering cost industry is constrained greatly in the link of engineering measurement.

1.2 Price data is miscellaneous

The price of engineering materials with different specifications， types and brands is different， and the price of some materials is time-efficient. For example， the price of tertiary screw-thread steel dropped from 4300 yuan /t in January 2013 to 4000yuan/t in May 2013. As the bulk material of construction engineering， price fluctuations has evident influence on construction cost. The information price publicized in cost information websites comes from inquirer seeking price information from supplier， which has the problems of covering incomplete material types and lacking of timeliness. And lots of price data can be inquired by the way of magazine and document， in which the industry parties need to input price information manually for the second time， which undoubtedly reduces construction cost management efficiency.

1.3 Construction cost information is difficult to be shared efficiently

Extracting construction cost indicators， engineering quantity indicators and consumption indicators corresponding to engineering types from plenty of completed construction data has positive effect on construction cost management. But the historical completion data of most enterprises is filed with the formate of paper document and word text document， which is difficult to realize extracting from basic data to effective information and achieve valuable cost indexes. The economic indicators of construction published in cost information websites have the problems of fewer project types， long release cycle and incomplete indicator species， which can’t provide comprehensive and reliable support for cost management.

1.4 Control effect of construction cost process is not good

Cost control is the core of construction cost management. There are many manifestations of construction cost from investment decision state to project completion and acceptance delivery stage， so the object and effect of cost control is different. In the design phase， the design is always valued， and cost is often ignored， which neglects the impact of quota control during project design phase. The actual data indicates that the impact of design phase on cost achieves by 70%-80%. During bidding stage， under the condition that preparation time is limited， there are the problems that deviation of quantities is great and project description is not clear. During engineering implementation stage， progress payment is used to reflect image progress of project cts， which belongs to the category of post-action control， and is difficult to start from cost to make early warning on deviation of time-limit cost. During completion settlement stage， the data storage forms in construction cause the problems that claim information is incomplete， drawings are incorrect and information is lost， which makes that engineering settlement is distorted.

2 Definition of BIM and Analysis of Primary Technologies

The definition of BIM in the USA is that BIM is digital representation about physical and functional characteristics of a construction project， and it is a shared knowledge resource which not only provides project information， but also provides reliable basis for all decisions in the total project life cycle. In different stages of project， different parties insert， extract， update and modify information to support and reflect collaborative operations. In China， BIM is called building information model. BIM is the process of gathering many technical softwares to realize comprehensive information modeling of engineering project， which finally achieves the goal of improving production efficiency of construction industry.

BIM applies many technologies including visualization， parametric design and simulated collision.

BIM modeling software introduces object oriented technology to make that building elements are not two-dimensional point， line and surface any longer， but are basic elements of construction with properties. For example， for wall， girder， board， doors and windows， the designer can directly call basic elements to express objects to establish three-dimensional stereoscopic model. And it introduces perspective rendering effect， which realizes the visual effect of buildings. BIM provides open graphical system. The engineers use parametric components as the basis of building elements， and assign geometric information， physical property and functional information to components according to requirements. And parametric changing technology provided by parameterized modification engine can realize linkage-type change by 3D boolean operation. So it is different from CAD plane figure component. After the property of a building component is modified， the other components will have parametric transformation automatically without needing manual change， which can improve work efficiency greatly. In BIM model， assigning other appreciation attributes to components such as cost of components and planned project duration can realize automated and intelligent statistical and analysis of the data for project decisions. BIM includes many modeling softwares. Different BIM modeling softwares need to be established under the standard of neutral publicity， which can make information change of many parties. The universal standard is IFC standard identified by international standardization organization. The models established by project members are stored with IFC documents. IDM is used to define content of information exchange， for example， the structure of models which is established by Revit architecture can import Revit structure， which makes construction information realize seamless joint. BIM collision detection technology simulates all real information of buildings by digital information simulation. It can comprehensively arrange water and electricity pipes and equipments in 3D architecture model， and can reflect collision problems by 3D model， which not only enhances communication and coordination of professions， but also can reduce the situations of rework and lost labor.