As用法概说

As可作副词、介词、连词及关系代词，词意多、用法灵活，是中学英语重要测试点之一，现将其重要用法分类归纳如下：

一、as用作介词

1.作“如，像”之意

例如：I have been to such big cities as Beijing.

2.作“作为，充当”之意，常用于下列短语

be regarded as， think of...as... be known as， act as， serve as， be reme-

mbered as等.

例：①As parents， we are concerned for our children’s future.

②He works as a model for several painters.

③Kun Ming is known as “Spring City”.

二、as用作连词，引导状语从句

1.引导时间状语从句，多强调两个动作同时发生，译为“当……时，一边……一边……，随着……”

例：①The girl dances as she sings on the stage.

②As children get older， they become more and more interested in things around them.

2.引导原因状语从句，常位于句首，语气较弱，相当于since。译为“既然，因为”。

例：As you’re not feeling well， you may stay at home.

As we’re both tired，let’s have a rest.

3.引导方式状语从句，意为“按照……方式，正如……”

例：①When at Rome， do （just） as Romes do.

②We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.

③Who should be responsible for the accident？

The boss， not the workers. They just carried out the order as （they were） told.

4.引导让步状语从句，有“虽然，尽管”之意，从句要用倒装的语序，即把从句中的表语、状语、动词原形放在as之前。注意：如果表语是单数名词，要省掉不定冠词

例：①Impressive as the record is， it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.

②Try as she might， Carolina couldn’t get the door open.

③Hard as he worked， he made little progress.

④Quiet student as he may be， he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.

5.引导比较状语从句，多用于as...as...，not as，so...as，表示…… 和……（不）一样，前一个as为副词，后一个as为连词。

例：①Learning a foreign language doesn’t have to be twice as hard as learning our mother tongue.

②I have seldom seen my mother so pleased with my progress as she is now.

三、as用作关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语

1.引导限制性定语从句，用于such...as...，the same...as，等结构中。译为：和……一样的人/物

例：①These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.（宾语）

②Let the students read such books as will make them better and wiser.（主语）

③Such a man as he（is） is not easy to get along with.（表语）

④My hometown is the same as it used to be. （表语）

2.引导非限制性定语从句，从句可位于句首、句中、句尾。且as代表主句的内容，有“就……所知”，“正如……一样”之意。注意which也可引导非限制性定语从句，也代表主句的内容，但which没有“就……所知”“正如……一样”之意

例：①As is known to everybody， the moon travels round the earth once every month.

②As we have stressed many times，“serve the people” is our first policy.

③My friend showed me round the town，which was very kind of him.

（作者单位 江苏省邳州市教师进修学校）